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  • Manulife reports strong 2021 results with record net income of $7.1 billion and core earnings of $6.5 billion, with double-digit growth in APE sales and new business value; Global Wealth and Asset Management net inflows tripled to $27.9 billion

    February 15, 2022 by Manulife

    TORONTOFeb. 9, 2022 /PRNewswire/ – Today, Manulife announced its 2021 and fourth quarter of 2021 (“4Q21”) results. Key highlights include:

    • Net income attributed to shareholders of $7.1 billion in 2021, up $1.2 billion from 2020, and $2.1 billion in 4Q21, up $304 million from the fourth quarter of 2020 (“4Q20”)
    • Core earnings1 of $6.5 billion in 2021, up 26% on a constant exchange rate basis from 2020, and $1.7 billion in 4Q21, up 20% on a constant exchange rate basis from 4Q202
    • Strong LICAT ratioof 142%
    • Core ROEof 13.0% in 2021 and 12.7% in 4Q21, and ROE of 14.2% in 2021 and 15.6% in 4Q21
    • NBVof $2.2 billion in 2021, up 31%6 from 2020, and $555 million in 4Q21, up 17% from 4Q20
    • APE sales5 of $6.1 billion in 2021, up 13% from 2020, and $1.4 billion in 4Q21, up 5% from 4Q20
    • Global Wealth and Asset Management (“Global WAM”) net inflows5 of $27.9 billion in 2021 compared with net inflows of $8.9 billion in 2020 and net inflows of $8.1 billion in 4Q21 compared with net inflows of $2.8 billion in 4Q20. A record year for our retail wealth business with net inflows of $29.2 billion
    • Global WAM average AUMA5 increased by 20% in 2021
    • Remittances5 were $4.4 billion in 2021 compared with $1.6 billion in 2020, an increase of $2.8 billion
    • Quarterly common share dividend increased by 18% in 4Q21
    • Launched a Normal Course Issuer Bid (“NCIB”) that permits repurchase of up to 5% of outstanding common shares

    “Our ability to adapt and serve clients across the globe who are navigating a very uncertain environment continues to drive our operating results with record net income of $7.1 billion and core earnings of $6.5 billion in 2021 driven by our insurance businesses delivering double-digit growth in APE sales and NBV and Global WAM delivering strong net inflows of $27.9 billion,” said Manulife President & Chief Executive Officer Roy Gori.

    “I am incredibly proud of the way our colleagues around the world have continued to make decisions easier and lives better for our customers. We are delivering on our strategic priorities, enhancing our organizational culture and ESG capabilities, and achieving top quartile employee engagement scores,” Mr. Gori continued. “We are scaling our business to grow across the diverse markets in Asia and in 2021 commenced a 16-year bancassurance partnership with VietinBank, one of the largest financial institutions in Vietnam, that enables a full suite of insurance, wealth and retirement solutions to be made available to customers in Vietnam. We also continued to make significant progress on our portfolio optimization commitments, as evidenced by the announcement of our U.S. variable annuity reinsurance transaction with Venerable Holdings Inc., which closed in early February.”

    “We are pleased to have delivered strong financial performance in 2021 including Core ROE of 13% and ROE of 14.2%,” said Phil Witherington, Chief Financial Officer. “We progressed our capital deployment priorities by investing in our highest potential businesses, including an exclusive bancassurance transaction in Vietnam, and a common share dividend increase of 18%. We will also be buying back shares in 2022 to generate shareholder value and to neutralize the dilution impact on core EPS from the highly successful U.S. VA transaction. In addition, remittances increased by $2.8 billion to total $4.4 billion in 2021 with positive contributions across geographies including Asia, the U.S. and Canada,” Mr. Witherington continued.

    “We take pride in our products and services, such as insurance protection, well-being offerings, and retirement and wealth management solutions, which positions us well to continue helping our customers live better, happier and healthier lives,” said Mr. Gori.

    _______________________________

    1

    Core earnings is a non-GAAP financial measure. For more information on non-GAAP and other financial measures, see “Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures” below and that section in our 2021 Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“2021 MD&A”), which is incorporated by reference.

    2

    Percentage growth / declines in core earnings stated on a constant exchange rate basis is a non-GAAP ratio.

    3

    Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test (“LICAT”) ratio of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company (“MLI”). LICAT ratio is disclosed under the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions Canada’s (“OSFI’s”) Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test Public Disclosure Requirements guideline.

    4

    Core return on common shareholders’ equity (“Core ROE”) is a non-GAAP ratio.

    5

    For more information on new business value (“NBV”), annualized premium equivalent (“APE”) sales, net flows, average assets under management and administration (“average AUMA”) and remittances, see “Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures” below. 

    6

    In this news release, percentage growth / declines in NBV, APE sales, gross flows and average AUMA are stated on a constant exchange rate basis.

    2021 BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS:

    In Asia, we continued to grow the scale of our business across the diverse markets in Asia.

    • We completed the acquisition of Aviva Vietnam, along with the beginning of a 16-year bancassurance partnership with VietinBank that enables a full suite of insurance, wealth and retirement solutions to be made available to VietinBank customers.
    • We increased the number of contracted agents to over 117,000 and our number of Million Dollar Round Table agents grew by 64% compared with 2020.
    • We continued to expand the reach of our agency force in China with the opening of our newest branch in Shaanxi province. We now operate in 52 cities across 15 provinces, providing access to over 60% of China’s population and which represents over 70% of GDP.

    In Canada, we continued to offer a differentiated customer experience through our products.

    • We introduced Personalized Medicine, which provides access to advanced pharmacogenetics to help group benefit members and their health team find the most effective medication for their condition.
    • We expanded our Manulife Vitality program to reward customers who received their COVID-19 vaccine.
    • We launched the Manulife Vitality HealthyMind reward program to help our individual insurance customers improve their mental and emotional wellbeing.

    In the U.S., we continued to execute on our portfolio optimization and made gains in behavioural insurance.

    • We entered into an agreement to reinsure over 75% of the legacy variable annuity block, consisting primarily of policies with guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits riders. The transaction, which closed on February 1, 2022, is estimated to release approximately $2.0 billion of additional capital reflecting approximately $1.3 billion of net LICAT required capital, and a one-time after-tax gain of approximately $750 million to net income attributed to shareholders.1

    ______________________________

    1  See “Caution regarding forward-looking statements” below. Projected capital release and gain based on September 30, 2021.

    • We experienced sales momentum with sales ahead of the prior year in almost every major category and reported record sales in our international business. We achieved record full year sales of US$295 million, an increase of 34% compared with 2020, from products with the John Hancock Vitality PLUS feature. We believe our John Hancock Vitality feature is proving to be the right solution for these times as there is a heightened awareness around wellbeing highlighted by COVID-19.
    • We also launched a preferred partnership with Allstate, which provides insurance to approximately 15 million customers, to be one of three carrier partners for its more than 11,000 agents and 1,000 life specialists. In time we expect this relationship, enabled by our digital submission capabilities, will drive significant life insurance sales.1

    In Global WAM, we continued to diversify our offerings.

    • We expanded our sustainable investing products with the launch of investment strategies in Sustainable Asia Bond, Global Climate, and ESG Asian Multi-Asset Income. Additionally, Manulife Investment Management was accepted as a signatory to the UK Stewardship Code, which is recognized globally as a best practice benchmark in investment stewardship. Nearly 200 asset managers, pension funds and others applied but only 123 were accepted after a rigorous review by the Financial Reporting Council2.
    • We also secured an Alternative Investment Fund Managers (“AIFM”) license to offer European Union (“EU”) private market funds in our key European markets, positioning us to drive the expansion and offering of our private market investment capabilities within the EU.
    • We expanded our retail product line-up beyond traditional mutual funds with new actively managed Exchange Traded Funds in both Canada and the U.S. and we furthered Separately Managed Accounts offerings in the U.S., with each category generating over $1 billion in net inflows in 2021.

    Additionally, we continued to enhance our digital capabilities and rolled out numerous initiatives to advance our strategy to become a digital, customer leader.

    • In Asia, ePOS, our digital onboarding app, is enabling our agents with faster, error-free submissions with 82% of applications digitally submitted, representing a 22% year over year increase. 79% of submitted cases are auto-underwritten.
    • In the U.S., we completed the iPipeline integration with the JH brokerage eApp. This integration provides 66% of our regular distribution partners with access to next-generation sales tools and decreases the overall cycle time for applications submitted via this preferred channel by 49% year over year. It also enabled access to over 250 firms, including a new partnership with Allstate and its more than 11,000 agents.
    • Aided by the above initiatives, overall new business applications submitted digitally increased by 15 percentage points in 2021 to 71%.
    • In Canada, we became the first Canadian company to use artificial intelligence (“AI”) in underwriting mortgage creditor insurance in our individual insurance business. Since its introduction, one-third of our applications have been approved using AI, resulting in auto adjudication of more than $1 billion of face amount in 2021.
    • In Global WAM, Asia Retail’s online investment platform, Manulife iFUNDS continued to show strong momentum in 2021 compared with 2020, with a 39% increase in gross flows3, a 29% increase in new accounts opened, and a 198% increase in monthly investment plans.
    • In U.S. Retirement, 88% of plan enrollees adopted our new digital express enrollment capability, that delivers a simple, fast and seamless way to enroll in their plan and benefit from access to personalized guidance. This resulted in an 11% increase in participation and six times the managed accounts conversion rate when compared to the previous enrollment process.

    __________________________

    1

    See “Caution regarding forward-looking statements below.

    2

    The Financial Reporting Council regulates auditors, accountants and actuaries, and sets the UK’s Corporate Governance and Stewardship Code. It promotes transparency and integrity in business.  

    3

    For more information on gross flows, see “Performance and Non-GAAP Measures” below and in our 2021 MD&A. 

    FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS:

     

    Quarterly Results

    Full Year Results

    ($ millions, unless otherwise stated)

     

    4Q21

     

    4Q20

     

    2021

     

    2020

    Profitability:

                   

    Net income attributed to shareholders

    $

    2,084

    $

    1,780

    $

    7,105

    $

    5,871

    Core earnings

    $

    1,708

    $

    1,474

    $

    6,536

    $

    5,516

    Diluted earnings per common share ($)

    $

    1.03

    $

    0.89

    $

    3.54

    $

    2.93

    Diluted core earnings per common share (“Core EPS”) ($)(1)

    $

    0.84

    $

    0.74

    $

    3.25

    $

    2.75

    Return on common shareholders’ equity (“ROE”)

     

    15.6%

     

    14.1%

     

    14.2%

     

    11.6%

    Core ROE

     

    12.7%

     

    11.6%

     

    13.0%

     

    10.9%

    Expense efficiency ratio(1)

     

    49.0%

     

    52.7%

     

    48.9%

     

    52.9%

    General expenses

    $

    2,000

    $

    1,968

    $

    7,828

    $

    7,510

    Business Performance:

                   

    Asia new business value

    $

    391

    $

    368

    $

    1,666

    $

    1,387

    Canada new business value

    $

    82

    $

    65

    $

    307

    $

    255

    U.S. new business value

    $

    82

    $

    56

    $

    270

    $

    160

    Total new business value

    $

    555

    $

    489

    $

    2,243

    $

    1,802

    Asia APE sales

    $

    890

    $

    996

    $

    4,050

    $

    3,869

    Canada APE sales

    $

    295

    $

    245

    $

    1,227

    $

    1,148

    U.S. APE sales

    $

    244

    $

    178

    $

    788

    $

    609

    Total APE sales

    $

    1,429

    $

    1,419

    $

    6,065

    $

    5,626

    Global WAM net flows ($ billions)

    $

    8.1

    $

    2.8

    $

    27.9

    $

    8.9

    Global WAM gross flows ($ billions)

    $

    36.0

    $

    31.5

    $

    144.7

    $

    130.2

    Global WAM assets under management and administration ($ billions)(2)

    $

    855.9

    $

    753.6

    $

    855.9

    $

    753.6

    Global WAM total invested assets ($ billions)

    $

    4.5

    $

    4.8

    $

    4.5

    $

    4.8

    Global WAM net segregated funds net assets ($ billions)

    $

    252.6

    $

    229.8

    $

    252.6

    $

    229.8

    Financial Strength:

                   

    MLI’s LICAT ratio

     

    142%

     

    149%

     

    142%

     

    149%

    Financial leverage ratio

     

    25.8%

     

    26.6%

     

    25.8%

     

    26.6%

    Book value per common share ($)

    $

    26.78

    $

    25.00

    $

    26.78

    $

    25.00

    Book value per common share excluding AOCI ($)

    $

    24.12

    $

    21.74

    $

    24.12

    $

    21.74

    (1)   This item is a non-GAAP ratio.

    (2)   This item is a non-GAAP financial measure.

    PROFITABILITY:

    Reported net income attributed to shareholders of $7.1 billion in 2021, up $1.2 billion from 2020, and $2.1 billion in 4Q21, up $304 million from 4Q20

    The $1.2 billion increase in net income attributed to shareholders in 2021 was driven by gains from investment-related experience (compared with losses in the prior year) and growth in core earnings. Investment-related experience gains reflected higher-than-expected returns (including fair value changes) on alternative long duration assets (“ALDA”) primarily driven by gains on private equity and infrastructure, strong credit experience and the favourable impact of fixed income reinvestment activities. Partially offsetting the gains was a net charge from the direct impacts of markets (compared with gains in the prior year). The net charge was primarily driven by a $532 million charge relating to the impact of updated ultimate reinvestment rate assumptions issued by the Canadian Actuarial Standards Board.

    The $304 million increase in net income attributed to shareholders in 4Q21 compared with the prior year quarter was driven by growth in core earnings and gains from fixed income reinvestment rates assumed in the valuation of policy liabilities, a component of the direct impact of markets, compared with losses in the prior year quarter. Fixed income reinvestment rate gains were driven by the flattening of the yield curve in Canada and the U.S. and, to a lesser extent, widening corporate spreads in the U.S. These items were partially offset by lower investment-related experience gains in 4Q21. Investment-related experience in 4Q21 reflected higher-than-expected returns (including fair value changes) on ALDA primarily driven by gains on private equity and infrastructure as well as strong credit experience, partially offset by the unfavourable impact of the acquisition of treasuries, which is a component of fixed income reinvestment activities.

    Delivered core earnings of $6.5 billion in 2021, an increase of 26% compared with 2020, and $1.7 billion in 4Q21, an increase of 20% compared with 4Q20

    The increase in core earnings in 2021 compared with 2020 was driven by the recognition of core investment gainsin 2021 (compared with nil core investment gains in 2020), higher new business gains in all segments, higher net fee income from higher average AUMA in Global WAM, which benefitted from the favourable impact of markets and net inflows, higher investment income in Corporate and Other which benefitted from higher net gains from available-for-sale equities and seed money investments in 2021, and in-force business growth in all segments. These items were partially offset by unfavourable policyholder experience and a charge in our Property and Casualty Reinsurance business for losses related to Hurricane Ida and the European floods.

    The increase in core earnings in 4Q21 compared with 4Q20 was driven by the recognition of core investment gains in 2021 (compared with nil core investment gains in the prior year quarter), higher net fee income from higher average AUMA in Global WAM, which benefitted from the favourable impact of markets and net inflows, higher new business gains in the U.S. and Canada, and a decrease in Corporate and Other core losses which benefitted from a lower cost of debt and higher investment income partially offset by lower net gains on seed money investments in new segregated and mutual funds, and in-force business growth in Asia and Canada. These items were partially offset by unfavourable policyholder experience.

    BUSINESS PERFORMANCE:

    New business value (“NBV”) of $2.2 billion in 2021, an increase of 31% compared with 2020, and $555 million in 4Q21, an increase of 17% compared with 4Q20

    NBV was $2.2 billion in 2021, an increase of 31% compared with 2020. In Asia, NBV of $1.7 billion increased 27% driven by higher sales volumes in Hong KongSingapore, mainland ChinaVietnam and Other Emerging Markets2, favourable product mix in Singapore and Vietnam and favourable interest rates and product management actions in Hong Kong; partially offset by a decline in Japan due to lower sales. In Canada, NBV of $307 million was up 20% from 2020, primarily due to higher margins in annuities and individual insurance. In the U.S., NBV of $270 million was up 80% primarily driven by higher sales volumes and improved margins, notably due to higher international sales.

    NBV was $555 million in 4Q21, an increase of 17% compared with 4Q20. In Asia, NBV increased 11% to $391 million, reflecting higher sales volumes, favourable interest rates and expense management in Hong Kong, and favourable product mix in Asia Other3, partially offset by lower sales in Japan and lower Critical Illness sales in mainland China. In Canada, NBV of $82 million was up 26% from 4Q20, primarily due to higher margins in annuities and higher volumes in individual insurance. In the U.S., NBV of $82 million was up 51% from 4Q20, primarily driven by higher sales volumes and favourable product mix, notably due to higher international sales.

    __________________

    1

    Core investment gains are disclosed under the OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline. 

    2

    Other Emerging Markets includes Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, and Myanmar. 

    3

    Asia Other excludes Hong Kong and Japan.

    Annualized premium equivalent (“APE”) sales of $6.1 billion in 2021, an increase of 13% compared with 2020, and $1.4 billion in 4Q21, an increase of 5% compared with 4Q20

    APE sales were $6.1 billion in 2021, an increase of 13% compared with 2020. In Asia, there continued to be varying degrees of adverse impacts on select markets across the region related to COVID-19. Asia APE sales increased 11% primarily as a result of strong APE sales in Hong KongSingapore, mainland China and Other Emerging Markets, partially offset by a decline in APE sales in Japan resulting from lower corporate-owned life insurance (“COLI”) product sales. In Hong Kong, APE sales increased 10%, reflecting strong growth in our bank channel, demand from mainland Chinese visitors through our Macau branch, and an expanded agency force. Singapore APE sales increased 51%, reflecting double-digit growth across agency, bank and broker channels. China APE sales increased 12%, primarily reflecting growth in our bank channel. Vietnam APE sales increased 7%, reflecting growth in agency and bank channels, partially offset by the impact of COVID-19 containment measures during the second half of the year. In Other Emerging Markets, APE sales increased 17%, despite the impact of COVID-19 containment measures in 2021. Japan APE sales decreased 26%, driven by lower COLI product sales. In Canada, APE sales increased 7% primarily driven by increased customer demand for our lower risk segregated fund products and higher individual insurance sales in participating products, partially offset by variability in the large-case group insurance market. In the U.S., APE sales increased 38%, due to strong international sales, which is reported as a part of the U.S. segment results, and our differentiated domestic product offerings which include the John Hancock Vitality feature and higher customer demand for insurance protection in the current COVID-19 environment of greater consumer interest in improving baseline health. APE sales of products with the John Hancock Vitality PLUS feature in 2021 increased 34% compared with the prior year. 

    APE sales were $1.4 billion in 4Q21, an increase of 5% compared with 4Q20. In Asia, APE sales decreased 6% as growth in Hong Kong was more than offset by lower COLI product sales in Japan. In Hong Kong, APE sales increased 11% despite the dampening effect of COVID-19 containment measures constraining cross-border travel between Hong Kong and mainland China, reflecting strong growth in our bank channel, and demand from mainland Chinese visitors through our Macau branch. Asia Other APE sales were in-line with 4Q20, as higher sales in bancassurance were offset by lower agency sales, which were adversely impacted by COVID-19 containment measures in markets such as Vietnam and the Philippines. In Japan, APE sales declined 44%, primarily due to a decrease in COLI product sales. In Canada, APE sales increased 20%, primarily driven by increased customer demand for our lower risk segregated fund products and higher individual insurance sales. In the U.S., APE sales increased 41%, due to strong international sales, which is reported as a part of the U.S. segment results, and our differentiated domestic product offerings which include the John Hancock Vitality feature and higher customer demand for insurance protection in the current COVID-19 environment of greater consumer interest in improving baseline health. 

    Reported Global Wealth and Asset Management net inflows of $27.9 billion in 2021, compared with 2020 net inflows of $8.9 billion, and net inflows of $8.1 billion in 4Q21 compared with net inflows of $2.8 billion in 4Q20

    Net inflows were $27.9 billion in 2021, compared with net inflows of $8.9 billion in 2020. Net inflows in Retail were $29.2 billion compared with net inflows of $3.5 billion in the prior year, driven by double-digit growth in gross flows across all geographies amid increased investor demand and lower mutual fund redemption rates. Net outflows in Institutional Asset Management were $2.4 billion compared with net inflows of $3.8 billion in the prior year, driven by a $9.4 billion redemption in Asia in the first quarter of 2021, and the non-recurrence of a $6.9 billion sale in Canada in 2020. This was partially offset by the non-recurrence of a $5.0 billion redemption in Europe in 2020, lower redemptions in Asia and the U.S., and higher sales of infrastructure, timberland and real estate mandates. Net inflows in Retirement were $1.1 billion compared with net inflows of $1.6 billion in the prior year, reflecting the non-recurrence of a large-case plan sale in 2020 and higher member redemptions, partially offset by growth in member contributions. 

    Net inflows were $8.1 billion in 4Q21, compared with net inflows of $2.8 billion in 4Q20. Net inflows in Retail were $7.5 billion in 4Q21 compared with net inflows of $3.6 billion in 4Q20, reflecting higher gross flows, driven by strong intermediary sales and higher institutional model allocations in the U.S., as well as higher gross flows in Japan and China. Net inflows in Institutional Asset Management were $1.6 billion in 4Q21 compared with net inflows of $1.0 billion in 4Q20, driven by lower redemptions in timberland and real estate mandates, partially offset by lower gross flows in fixed income mandates. Net outflows in Retirement were $1.0 billion in 4Q21 compared with net outflows of $1.8 billion in 4Q20. The reduction in net outflows was driven by higher gross flows across all geographies, reflecting higher growth in new plan sales and member contributions, partially offset by higher plan redemptions.

    QUARTERLY EARNINGS RESULTS CONFERENCE CALL  

    Manulife Financial Corporation will host a Fourth Quarter 2021 Earnings Results Conference Call at 8:00 a.m. ET on February 10, 2022. For local and international locations, please call 416-340-2217 or toll free, North America 1-800-806-5484 (Passcode: 4624021#). Please call in 15 minutes before the call starts. You will be required to provide your name and organization to the operator. A replay of this call will be available by 11:00 a.m. ET on February 10, 2022 through May 14, 2022 by calling 905-694-9451 or 1-800-408-3053 (Passcode: 4133171#).

    The conference call will also be webcast through Manulife’s website at 8:00 a.m. ET on February 10, 2022. You may access the webcast at: manulife.com/en/investors/results-and-reports. An archived version of the webcast will be available on the website following the call at the same URL as above.

    The Fourth Quarter 2021 Statistical Information Package is also available on the Manulife website at: www.manulife.com/en/investors/results-and-reports.

    EARNINGS:

    The following table presents net income attributed to shareholders, consisting of core earnings and details of the items excluded from core earnings:

     

    Quarterly Results

    Full Year Results

    ($ millions)

    4Q21

    3Q21

    4Q20

    2021

    2020

    Core earnings

             

    Asia

    $

    547

    $

    533

    $

    571

    $

    2,176

    $

    2,110

    Canada

    286

    311

    316

    1,179

    1,174

    U.S.

    467

    490

    479

    1,936

    1,995

    Global Wealth and Asset Management

    387

    351

    304

    1,406

    1,100

    Corporate and Other (excluding core investment gains)

    (79)

    (268)

    (196)

    (561)

    (863)

    Core investment gains(1)

    100

    100

    400

    Total core earnings

    $

    1,708

    $

    1,517

    $

    1,474

    $

    6,536

    $

    5,516

    Items excluded from core earnings:(1)

    Investment-related experience outside of core earnings

    126

    700

    585

    1,642

    (792)

    Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable

    annuity guarantee liabilities

    398

    (597)

    (323)

    (817)

    932

    Change in actuarial methods and assumptions

    (41)

    (41)

    (198)

    Restructuring charge

    (115)

    Reinsurance transaction, tax-related items and other

    (148)

    13

    44

    (100)

    413

    Net income attributed to shareholders 

    $

    2,084

    $

    1,592

    $

    1,780

    $

    7,105

    $

    5,871

    (1)   These items are disclosed under OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline.

    NON-GAAP AND OTHER FINANCIAL MEASURES:

    The Company prepares its Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. We use a number of non-GAAP and other financial measures to evaluate overall performance and to assess each of our businesses. This section includes information required by National Instrument 52-112 – Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures Disclosure in respect of “specified financial measures” (as defined therein).

    Non-GAAP financial measures include core earnings (loss); pre-tax core earnings; core earnings available to common shareholders; core general expenses; and assets under management and administration (“AUMA”).

    Non-GAAP ratios include core return on common shareholders’ equity (“core ROE”); diluted core earnings per common share (“core EPS”); expense efficiency ratio; and percentage growth/decline on a constant exchange rate basis in any of the above non-GAAP financial measures.

    Other specified financial measures include assets under administration; embedded value; NBV; APE sales; gross flows; net flows; average assets under management and administration (“average AUMA”); remittances and percentage growth/decline in such other financial measures.

    Non-GAAP financial measures and non-GAAP ratios are not standardized financial measures under GAAP and, therefore, might not be comparable to similar financial measures disclosed by other issuers. Therefore, they should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any other financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. For more information on non-GAAP financial measures, including those referred to above, see the section “Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures” in our 2021 MD&A, which is incorporated by reference.

    Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders

     

    2021

    ($millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

     in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate and Other

    Total Company

    Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    3,188

    $

    1,791

    $

    2,484

    $

    1,641

    $

    (979)

    $

    8,125

    Income tax (expense) recovery

               

    Core earnings

    (322)

    (413)

    (418)

    (234)

    27

    (1,360)

    Items excluded from core earnings

    (120)

    77

    32

    (1)

    159

    147

    Income tax (expense) recovery

    (442)

    (336)

    (386)

    (235)

    186

    (1,213)

    Net income (post-tax)

    2,746

    1,455

    2,098

    1,406

    (793)

    6,912

                 

    Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to

               

    Non-controlling interests

    256

    (1)

    255

    Participating policyholders

    (567)

    101

    18

    (448)

    Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax)

    3,057

    1,354

    2,080

    1,406

    (792)

    7,105

                 

    Less: Items excluded from core earnings(1)

               

    Investment-related experience outside of core earnings

    313

    329

    1,341

    (341)

    1,642

    Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities

    169

    (89)

    (727)

    (170)

    (817)

    Change in actuarial methods and assumptions

    343

    (65)

    (314)

    (5)

    (41)

    Restructuring charge

    (115)

    (115)

    Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other

    56

    (156)

    (100)

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    2,176

    $

    1,179

    $

    1,936

    $

    1,406

    $

    (161)

    $

    6,536

    Income tax on core earnings (see above)

    322

    413

    418

    234

    (27)

    1,360

    Core earnings (pre-tax)

    $

    2,498

    $

    1,592

    $

    2,354

    $

    1,640

    $

    (188)

    $

    7,896

    (1)   These items are disclosed under OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline.

    Core earnings, CER basis

     

    2021

    (Canadian $ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global

    WAM

    Corporate

    and Other

    Total

    Company

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    2,176

    $

    1,179

    $

    1,936

    $

    1,406

    $

    (161)

    $

    6,536

    CER adjustment(1)

    (1)

    9

    4

    1

    13

    Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax)

    $

    2,175

    $

    1,179

    $

    1,945

    $

    1,410

    $

    (160)

    $

    6,549

                 

    Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2)

    321

    413

    421

    234

    (26)

    1,363

    Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax)

    $

    2,496

    $

    1,592

    $

    2,366

    $

    1, 644

    $

    (186)

    $

    7,912

    (1)   The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21. 

    (2)   Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 4Q21.

    Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders

     

    2020

    ($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

     in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate

    and Other

    Total Company

    Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    1,635

    $

    390

    $

    1,564

    $

    1,272

    $

    1,910

    $

    6,771

    Income tax (expense) recovery

               

    Core earnings

    (336)

    (378)

    (481)

    (172)

    199

    (1,168)

    Items excluded from core earnings

    104

    247

    186

    (564)

    (27)

    Income tax (expense) recovery

    (232)

    (131)

    (295)

    (172)

    (365)

    (1,195)

    Net income (post-tax)

    1,403

    259

    1,269

    1,100

    1,545

    5,576

                 

    Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to

               

    Non-controlling interests

    250

    250

    Participating policyholders

    (609)

    64

    (545)

    Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax)

    1,762

    195

    1,269

    1,100

    1,545

    5,871

                 

    Less: Items excluded from core earnings(1)

               

    Investment-related experience outside of core earnings

    218

    (260)

    (717)

    (33)

    (792)

    Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities

    (583)

    (817)

    30

    2,302

    932

    Change in actuarial methods and assumptions

    (41)

    77

    (301)

    67

    (198)

    Restructuring charge

    Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other

    58

    21

    262

    72

    413

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    2,110

    $

    1,174

    $

    1,995

    $

    1,100

    $

    (863)

    $

    5,516

                 

    Income tax on core earnings (see above)

    336

    378

    481

    172

    (199)

    1,168

    Core earnings (pre-tax)

    $

    2,446

    $

    1,552

    $

    2,476

    $

    1,272

    $

    (1,062)

    $

    6,684

    (1)   These items are disclosed under OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline.

    Core earnings, CER basis

     

    2020

    (Canadian $ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global

    WAM

    Corporate

    and Other

    Total

    Company

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    2,110

    $

    1,174

    $

    1,995

    $

    1,100

    $

    (863)

    $

    5,516

    CER adjustment(1)

    (128)

    (124)

    (42)

    (9)

    (303)

    Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax)

    $

    1,982

    $

    1,174

    $

    1,871

    $

    1,058

    $

    (872)

    $

    5,213

                 

    Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2)

    323

    378

    450

    169

    (199)

    1,121

    Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax)

    $

    2,305

    $

    1,552

    $

    2,321

    $

    1,227

    $

    (1,071)

    $

    6,334

    (1)   The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21. 

    (2)   Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 4Q21.

    Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders

     

    4Q21

    ($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

     in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate and Other

    Total Company

    Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    684

    $

    806

    $

    614

    $

    438

    $

    (61)

    $

    2,481

    Income tax (expense) recovery

               

    Core earnings

    (68)

    (101)

    (117)

    (52)

    (8)

    (346)

    Items excluded from core earnings

    (13)

    (77)

    (4)

    10

    (84)

    Income tax (expense) recovery

    (81)

    (178)

    (121)

    (52)

    2

    (430)

    Net income (post-tax)

    603

    628

    493

    386

    (59)

    2,051

                 

    Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to

               

    Non-controlling interests

    34

    (1)

    (1)

    32

    Participating policyholders

    (76)

    12

    (1)

    (65)

    Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax)

    645

    616

    494

    387

    (58)

    2,084

                 

    Less: Items excluded from core earnings(1)

               

    Investment-related experience outside of core earnings

    58

    90

    58

    (80)

    126

    Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities

    32

    240

    125

    1

    398

    Change in actuarial methods and assumptions

    Restructuring charge

    Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other

    8

    (156)

    (148)

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    547

    $

    286

    $

    467

    $

    387

    $

    21

    $

    1,708

                 

    Income tax on core earnings (see above)

    68

    101

    117

    52

    8

    346

    Core earnings (pre-tax)

    $

    615

    $

    387

    $

    584

    $

    439

    $

    29

    $

    2,054

    (1)   These items are disclosed under OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline.

    Core earnings, CER basis

     

    4Q21

    (Canadian $ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate

    and Other

    Total Company

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    547

    $

    286

    $

    467

    $

    387

    $

    21

    $

    1,708

    CER adjustment(1)

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax)

    $

    547

    $

    286

    $

    466

    $

    387

    $

    21

    $

    1,708

                 

    Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2)

     

    68

     

    101

     

    117

     

    52

     

    8

     

    346

    Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax)

    $

    615

    $

    387

    $

    584

    $

    439

    $

    29

    $

    2,054

                 

    (1)   The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21. 

    (2)   Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 4Q21.

    Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders

     

    3Q21

    ($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

     in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate and Other

    Total Company

    Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    650

    $

    (101)

    $

    800

    $

    418

    $

    (287)

    $

    1,480

    Income tax (expense) recovery

               

    Core earnings

    (52)

    (109)

    (79)

    (66)

    12

    (294)

    Items excluded from core earnings

    (31)

    153

    (16)

    (1)

    23

    128

    Income tax (expense) recovery

    (83)

    44

    (95)

    (67)

    35

    (166)

    Net income (post-tax)

    567

    (57)

    705

    351

    (252)

    1,314

                 

    Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to

               

    Non-controlling interests

    48

    48

    Participating policyholders

    (303)

    (31)

    8

    (326)

    Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax)

    822

    (26)

    697

    351

    (252)

    1,592

                 

    Less: Items excluded from core earnings(1)

               

    Investment-related experience outside of core earnings

    62

    97

    617

    (76)

    700

    Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities

    (129)

    (369)

    (96)

    (3)

    (597)

    Change in actuarial methods and assumptions

    343

    (65)

    (314)

    (5)

    (41)

    Restructuring charge

    Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other

    13

    13

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    533

    $

    311

    $

    490

    $

    351

    $

    (168)

    $

    1,517

                 

    Income tax on core earnings (see above)

    52

    109

    79

    66

    (12)

    294

    Core earnings (pre-tax)

    $

    585

    $

    420

    $

    569

    $

    417

    $

    (180)

    $

    1,811

                   

    (1) These items are disclosed under OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline.

    Core earnings, CER basis

     

    3Q21

    (Canadian $ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate and Other

    Total Company

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    533

    $

    311

    $

    490

    $

    351

    $

    (168)

    $

    1,517

    CER adjustment(1)

    (2)

    (1)

    (3)

    Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax)

    $

    531

    $

    311

    $

    490

    $

    350

    $

    (168)

    $

    1,514

                 

    Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2)

    51

    109

    80

    66

    (12)

    294

    Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax)

    $

    582

    $

    420

    $

    570

    $

    416

    $

    (180)

    $

    1,808

                 

    (1)   The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21. 

    (2)   Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 4Q21.

    Reconciliation of core earnings to net income attributed to shareholders

     

    4Q20

    ($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

     in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate and Other

    Total Company

    Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    755

    $

    707

    $

    108

    $

    361

    $

    134

    $

    2,065

    Income tax (expense) recovery

               

    Core earnings

    (89)

    (86)

    (110)

    (57)

    49

    (293)

    Items excluded from core earnings

    1

    40

    108

    (80)

    69

    Income tax (expense) recovery

    (88)

    (46)

    (2)

    (57)

    (31)

    (224)

    Net income (post-tax)

    667

    661

    106

    304

    103

    1,841

                 

    Less: Net income (post-tax) attributed to

               

    Non-controlling interests

    57

    57

    Participating policyholders

    (29)

    33

    4

    Net income (loss) attributed to shareholders (post-tax)

    639

    628

    106

    304

    103

    1,780

                 

    Less: Items excluded from core earnings(1)

               

    Investment-related experience outside of core earnings

    127

    332

    110

    16

    585

    Direct impact of equity markets and interest rates and variable annuity guarantee liabilities

    (88)

    (35)

    (483)

    283

    (323)

    Change in actuarial methods and assumptions

    Restructuring charge

    Reinsurance transactions, tax related items and other

    29

    15

    44

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    571

    $

    316

    $

    479

    $

    304

    $

    (196)

    $

    1,474

                 

    Income tax on core earnings (see above)

    89

    86

    110

    57

    (49)

    293

    Core earnings (pre-tax)

    $

    660

    $

    402

    $

    589

    $

    361

    $

    (245)

    $

    1,767

                   

    (1)   These items are disclosed under OSFI’s Source of Earnings Disclosure (Life Insurance Companies) guideline.

    Core earnings, CER basis

     

    4Q20

    (Canadian $ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Asia

    Canada

    U.S.

    Global WAM

    Corporate and Other

    Total Company

                 

    Core earnings (post-tax)

    $

    571

    $

    316

    $

    479

    $

    304

    $

    (196)

    $

    1,474

    CER adjustment(1)

    (24)

    (16)

    (6)

    (1)

    (47)

    Core earnings, CER basis (post-tax)

    $

    547

    $

    316

    $

    463

    $

    298

    $

    (197)

    $

    1,427

                 

    Income tax on core earnings, CER basis(2)

    87

    86

    106

    56

    (49)

    286

    Core earnings, CER basis (pre-tax)

    $

    634

    $

    402

    $

    569

    $

    354

    $

    (246)

    $

    1,713

                 

    (1)     The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21. 

    (2)     Income tax on core earnings adjusted to reflect the foreign exchange rates for the Statement of Income in effect for 4Q21.

    Core earnings available to common shareholders

    ($ millions, post-tax and based on actual foreign exchange

    rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Quarterly

    Full Year

    4Q21

     

    3Q21

    2Q21

    1Q21

    4Q20

    2021

    2020

                   

    Core earnings (post tax)

    $

    1,708

    $

    1,517

    $

    1,682

    $

    1,629

    $

    1,474

    $

    6,536

    $

    5,516

    Less: Preferred share dividends

    (71)

    (37)

    (64)

    (43)

    (43)

    (215)

    (171)

    Core earnings available to common shareholders

    1,637

    1,480

    1,618

    1,586

    1,431

    6,321

    5,345

    CER adjustment(1)

    (3)

    29

    (13)

    (47)

    13

    (303)

    Core earnings available to common shareholders, CER basis

    $

    1,637

    $

    1,477

    $

    1,647

    $

    1,573

    $

    1,384

    $

    6,334

    $

    5,042

    (1)     The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21. 

    Core ROE

    ($ millions and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period)

    Quarterly

    Full Year

    4Q21

    3Q21

    2Q21

    1Q21

    4Q20

    2021

     

    2020

    Core earnings available to common shareholders (post-tax)

    $

    1,637

    $

    1,480

    $

    1,618

    $

    1,586

    $

    1,431

    $

    6,321

    $

    5,345

    Annualized core earnings available to common shareholders (post-tax)

    $

    6,483

    $

    5,874

    $

    6,485

    $

    6,435

    $

    5,697

    $

    6,321

    $

    5,345

                     

    Average common shareholders’ equity (see below)

    $

    51,049

    $

    49,075

    $

    46,757

    $

    46,974

    $

    48,984

    $

    48,463

    $

    49,145

    Core ROE

    12.7%

    12.0%

    13.9%

    13.7%

    11.6%

    13.0%

     

    10.9%

                     

    Average common shareholders’ equity

                   

    Total shareholders’ and other equity

    $

    58,408

    $

    55,457

    $

    53,466

    $

    51,238

    $

    52,335

    $

    58,408

    $

    52,335

    Less: Preferred shares and other equity

    (6,381)

    (5,387)

    (5,387)

    (5,804)

    (3,822)

    (6,381)

     

    (3,822)

    Common shareholders’ equity

    $

    52,027

    $

    50,070

    $

    48,079

    $

    45,434

    $

    48,513

    $

    52,027

    $

    48,513

    Average common shareholders’ equity

    $

    51,049

    $

    49,075

    $

    46,757

    $

    46,974

    $

    48,984

    $

    48,463

    $

    49,145

    Core EPS 

    ($ millions and based on actual foreign exchange rates

    in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Quarterly

    Full Year

    4Q21

     

    3Q21

    2Q21

    1Q21

    4Q20

    2021

    2020

    Core EPS

                 

    Core earnings available to common shareholders (post-tax)

    $

    1,637

    $

    1,480

    $

    1,618

    $

    1,586

    $

    1,431

    $

    6,321

    $

    5,345

    Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (millions)

    1,946

    1,946

    1,946

    1,945

    1,943

    1,946

    1,943

    Core earnings per share

    0.84

    0.76

    0.83

    0.82

    0.74

    3.25

    2.75

                 

    Core EPS, CER basis

                 

    Core earnings available to common shareholders (post-tax), CER basis

    $

    1,637

    $

    1,477

    $

    1,647

    $

    1,573

    $

    1,384

    $

    6,334

    $

    5,042

    Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (millions)

    1,946

    1,946

    1,946

    1,945

    1,943

    1,946

    1,943

    Core earnings per share, CER basis

    0.84

    0.76

    0.85

    0.81

    0.71

    3.26

    2.59

                         

    Global WAM AUMA reconciliation

    As at

     

    ($ millions, and based on actual foreign exchange rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Dec 31,

    2021

    Sept 30,

    2021

    June 30,

    2021

    Mar 31,

    2021

    Dec 31,

    2020

    Total invested assets

    $

    427,098

    $

    419,087

    $

    405,209

    $

    397,948

    $

    410,977

    Less: Non Global WAM total invested assets

    422,640

    414,754

    400,998

    393,623

    406,217

    Total Invested Assets – Global WAM

    4,458

    4,333

    4,211

    4,325

    4,760

    Total segregated funds net assets

    $

    399,788

    $

    387,799

    $

    383,845

    $

    371,682

    $

    367,436

    Less: Non Global WAM total segregated funds net assets

    147,221

    143,248

    141,227

    137,220

    137,609

    Total Invested Assets – Global WAM

    252,567

    244,551

    242,618

    234,462

    229,827

    Global WAM total invested assets and net segregated funds assets

    $

    257,025

    $

    248,884

    $

    246,829

    $

    238,787

    $

    234,587

    Global WAM AUMA

             

    Total Invested Assets

    $

    4,458

    $

    4,333

    $

    4,211

    $

    4,325

    $

    4,760

    Segregated funds net assets

             

    Segregated funds net assets – Institutional

    4,470

    4,400

    4,229

    4,157

    1,886

    Segregated funds net assets – Other

    248,097

    240,151

    238,389

    230,305

    227,941

    Total

    252,567

    244,551

    242,618

    234,462

    229,827

    Mutual funds

    290,863

    277,421

    265,110

    249,137

    238,068

    Institutional asset management(1)

    106,407

    103,732

    99,983

    96,989

    107,387

    Other funds

    14,001

    12,562

    12,232

    11,611

    10,880

    Total Global WAM AUM

    668,296

    642,599

    624,154

    596,524

    590,922

    Assets under administration

    187,631

    181,013

    174,376

    167,558

    162,688

    Total Global WAM AUMA

    $

    855,927

    $

    823,612

    $

    798,530

    $

    764,082

    $

    753,610

               

    Total Global WAM AUMA

    $

    855,927

    $

    823,612

    $

    798,530

    $

    764,082

    $

    753,610

    CER adjustment(2)

    (3,191)

    12,587

    4,244

    (5,003)

    Total Global WAM AUMA, CER basis

    $

    855,927

    $

    820,421

    $

    811,117

    $

    768,326

    $

    748,607

    (1)   Institutional asset management excludes Institutional segregated funds net assets.

    (2)   The impact of updating foreign exchange rates to that which was used in 4Q21.

    Expense efficiency ratio

    ($ millions, pre-tax and based on actual foreign exchange

    rates in effect in the applicable reporting period, unless otherwise stated)

    Quarterly

    Full Year

    4Q21

    3Q21

    2Q21

    1Q21

    4Q20

    2021

    2020

                   

    Expense Efficiency Ratio

                 

    Core general expenses

    $

    1,973

    $

    1,904

    $

    1,794

    $

    1,882

    $

    1,968

    $

    7,553

    $

    7,501

                   

    Core earnings (pre-tax)

    2,054

    1,811

    2,036

    1,995

    1,767

    7,896

    6,684

    Total – Core earnings (pre-tax) and Core general expenses

    $

    4,027

    $

    3,715

    $

    3,830

    $

    3,877

    $

    3,735

    $

    15,449

    $

    14,185

    Expense Efficiency Ratio

    49.0%

    51.3%

    46.8%

    48.5%

    52.7%

    48.9%

    52.9%

                   

    Core general expenses

                 

    General expenses – Financial Statements

    $

    2,000

    $

    1,904

    $

    1,892

    $

    2,032

    $

    1,968

    $

    7,828

    $

    7,510

    Less: General expenses included in items excluded from core earnings

                 

    Restructuring charge

    150

    150

    Legal provisions and other expenses

    27

    98

    125

    9

    Total

    $

    27

    $

    $

    98

    $

    150

    $

    $

    275

    $

    9

    Core general expenses

    $

    1,973

    $

    1,904

    $

    1,794

    $

    1,882

    $

    1,968

    $

    7,553

    $

    7,501

                   

    Core general expenses

    $

    1,973

    $

    1,904

    $

    1,794

    $

    1,882

    $

    1,968

    $

    7,553

    $

    7,501

    CER adjustment

    (3)

    24

    (18)

    (54)

    3

    (312)

    Core general expenses, CER basis

    $

    1,973

    $

    1,901

    $

    1,818

    $

    1,864

    $

    1,914

    $

    7,556

    $

    7,189

    CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS:

    From time to time, Manulife makes written and/or oral forward-looking statements, including in this document. In addition, our representatives may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media and others. All such statements are made pursuant to the “safe harbour” provisions of Canadian provincial securities laws and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

    The forward-looking statements in this document include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to possible share buybacks under our NCIB, the impact related to the reinsurance of our legacy U.S. variable annuity block, and also relate to, among other things, our objectives, goals, strategies, intentions, plans, beliefs, expectations and estimates, and can generally be identified by the use of words such as “may”, “will”, “could”, “should”, “would”, “likely”, “expect”, “estimate”, “believe”, “plan”, “objective”, “aim”, “continue”, and “goal” (or the negative thereof) and words and expressions of similar import, and include statements concerning possible or assumed future results. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements and they should not be interpreted as confirming market or analysts’ expectations in any way.

    Certain material factors or assumptions are applied in making forward-looking statements and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements.

    Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include but are not limited to: general business and economic conditions (including but not limited to the performance, volatility and correlation of equity markets, interest rates, credit and swap spreads, currency rates, investment losses and defaults, market liquidity and creditworthiness of guarantors, reinsurers and counterparties); the ongoing prevalence of COVID-19, including any variants, as well as actions that have been, or may be taken by governmental authorities in response to COVID-19, including the impacts of any variants; changes in laws and regulations; changes in accounting standards applicable in any of the territories in which we operate; changes in regulatory capital requirements; our ability to execute strategic plans and changes to strategic plans; downgrades in our financial strength or credit ratings; our ability to maintain our reputation; impairments of goodwill or intangible assets or the establishment of provisions against future tax assets; the accuracy of estimates relating to morbidity, mortality and policyholder behaviour; the accuracy of other estimates used in applying accounting policies, actuarial methods and embedded value methods; our ability to implement effective hedging strategies and unforeseen consequences arising from such strategies; our ability to source appropriate assets to back our long-dated liabilities; level of competition and consolidation; our ability to market and distribute products through current and future distribution channels; unforeseen liabilities or asset impairments arising from acquisitions and dispositions of businesses; the realization of losses arising from the sale of investments classified as available-for-sale; our liquidity, including the availability of financing to satisfy existing financial liabilities on expected maturity dates when required; obligations to pledge additional collateral; the availability of letters of credit to provide capital management flexibility; accuracy of information received from counterparties and the ability of counterparties to meet their obligations; the availability, affordability and adequacy of reinsurance; legal and regulatory proceedings, including tax audits, tax litigation or similar proceedings; our ability to adapt products and services to the changing market; our ability to attract and retain key executives, employees and agents; the appropriate use and interpretation of complex models or deficiencies in models used; political, legal, operational and other risks associated with our non-North American operations; acquisitions and our ability to complete acquisitions including the availability of equity and debt financing for this purpose; the disruption of or changes to key elements of the Company’s or public infrastructure systems; environmental concerns; our ability to protect our intellectual property and exposure to claims of infringement; and our inability to withdraw cash from subsidiaries.

    Additional information about material risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations and about material factors or assumptions applied in making forward-looking statements may be found in our 2021 Management’s Discussion and Analysis under “Risk Management and Risk Factors” and “Critical Actuarial and Accounting Policies” and in the “Risk Management” note to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 as well as elsewhere in our filings with Canadian and U.S. securities regulators.

    The forward-looking statements in this document are, unless otherwise indicated, stated as of the date hereof and are presented for the purpose of assisting investors and others in understanding our financial position and results of operations, our future operations, as well as our objectives and strategic priorities, and may not be appropriate for other purposes. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

    SOURCE Manulife Financial Corporation

    Originally Posted at CISION PRNewswire on February 9, 2022 by Manulife.

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