NEW YORK–(BUSINESS WIRE)–American International Group, Inc. (NYSE: AIG) today reported financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2022.

AIG Chairman & Chief Executive Officer Peter Zaffino said: “2022 was an extraordinary year of progress for AIG. We continued to improve the profitability of our General Insurance business, closing the year with the strongest underwriting results the business has ever achieved and with the second consecutive year of underwriting profitability improving by $1 billion. In addition, we made considerable progress on the separation of our Life and Retirement business and completed the initial public offering (IPO) of Corebridge Financial in September 2022. We reached significant milestones on AIG 200 that modernized our technology infrastructure and operational capabilities, while executing on our target run-rate savings of $1 billion six months ahead of schedule. We revamped AIG’s investment management strategy through strategic partnerships with Blackstone and BlackRock and have transferred approximately $50 billion and $150 billion of assets, respectively, to these partners.

“Improvement in General Insurance continued through portfolio optimization, prudent risk selection and limit reduction of over $1.2 trillion since 2018. The full-year 2022 combined ratio of 91.9% represents a 390-basis point year-over-year improvement. The accident year combined ratio, x-CAT of 88.7% improved 230 basis points from prior year, marking the fulfillment of our full-year sub-90 goal and was sub-90 in every quarter of 2022. Our strong momentum continued through the complex January 1 reinsurance renewal season, where the quality of our portfolio enabled us to secure treaties on favorable terms in a very challenging market.

“Life and Retirement delivered a solid year with strong sales, particularly in Individual Retirement where Fixed Annuity and Fixed Index Annuity sales continued their robust growth trends. The fixed income portfolio experienced meaningful lift in portfolio yield and widening spreads benefiting from the higher interest rate environment. The capital strength and free cash flow profile of the business remain healthy.

“2022 was also a significant year in terms of capital management. We returned over $6.1 billion to shareholders through $5.1 billion of AIG common stock repurchases and $1.0 billion of dividends and Corebridge paid two dividends totaling approximately $300 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 following its IPO in September. We established Corebridge’s capital structure and reduced AIG debt, setting a strong foundation for the future.

“In 2022 our colleagues across the globe aligned behind common goals and maintained a steadfast commitment to executing with the highest quality, and I am incredibly proud of the meaningful progress we made. As we look ahead to 2023, the world faces many uncertainties. AIG is better positioned than ever as a risk expert to continue executing on our strategy to deliver excellence as a top-performing company. I am confident we will continue to lead the market and create long-term value for our clients, distribution partners, colleagues, shareholders, and other stakeholders.”

For full year 2022, pre-tax income from continuing operations was $14.3 billion, up from $12.1 billion in the prior year. Full year 2022 net income attributable to AIG common shareholders was $10.2 billion, or $13.01 per diluted common share, compared to net income of $9.4 billion, or $10.82 per diluted common share, in the prior year. The increase was largely driven by net realized gains on Fortitude Re funds withheld embedded derivative, strong General Insurance underwriting results, which almost doubled year-over-year, and lower interest expense benefiting from liability management actions, partially offset by lower alternative investment income and call and tender income. The prior year results also included a $3.0 billion gain from the sale of a real estate portfolio. These pre-tax increases were partially offset by higher income tax expense as a result of higher income from operations as well as an increase in income attributable to the noncontrolling interest associated with Blackstone’s 9.9% ownership interest in Corebridge and the IPO of Corebridge in September 2022.

AATI was $3.6 billion, or $4.55 per diluted common share, for the full year of 2022 compared to $4.4 billion, or $5.12 per diluted common share, in the prior year. The decrease in AATI was primarily due to lower alternative investment income and call and tender income, partially offset by an increase in General Insurance underwriting income, yield improvement in the fixed maturity and loan portfolios and savings on interest expense.

For the fourth quarter of 2022, pre-tax income from continuing operations was $279 million, down from $5.0 billion in the prior year quarter. Fourth quarter 2022 net income attributable to AIG common shareholders was $264 million, or $0.35 per diluted common share, compared to $3.7 billion, or $4.38 per diluted common share, in the prior year quarter. Prior year result included a $3.0 billion gain from the sale of a real estate portfolio. The pre-tax income decline was otherwise primarily due to a decrease in net realized gains on derivative activities.

AATI was $1.0 billion, or $1.36 per diluted common share, for the fourth quarter of 2022 compared to $1.3 billion, or $1.58 per diluted common share, in the prior year quarter. The decrease in AATI was primarily due to lower alternative investment income and lower call and tender income, partially offset by improvement in General Insurance underwriting results and yield improvement in the fixed maturity and loan portfolios.

Total consolidated net investment income for the fourth quarter of 2022 was $3.3 billion, down 9% from $3.6 billion in the prior year quarter, primarily due to lower alternative investment income and reductions in call and tender income. Interest and dividends income improved $305 million from the prior year quarter with yield across the fixed maturity and loan portfolios up 29 basis points sequentially. Total net investment income on an APTI basis* was $3.0 billion, a decrease of $331 million compared to the prior year quarter.

Book value per common share was $53.83 as of December 31, 2022, an increase of 4% from September 30, 2022 and a decrease of 33% from December 31, 2021, driven by a reduction in AOCI as a result of higher interest rates. Adjusted book value per common share* was $73.87, an increase of 1% from September 30, 2022 and 7% from December 31, 2021, reflecting growth in retained earnings from net income in excess of dividends and share repurchases. Adjusted tangible book value per common share* was $67.43, an increase of 1% from September 30, 2022 and 7% from December 31, 2021.

For the fourth quarter of 2022, AIG repurchased $779 million of common stock or approximately 13 million shares, paid $243 million of common and preferred dividends, and redeemed $1.8 billion of aggregate principal amount of debt, ending the year with AIG Parent liquidity of $3.7 billion as of December 31, 2022. Corebridge liquidity is no longer reflected in AIG Parent’s liquidity following the IPO. AIG’s ratio of total debt and preferred stock to total capital at December 31, 2022 was 34.1%, down from 36.5% at September 30, 2022, due to the redemption of $1.8 billion of debt in the fourth quarter and AOCI mark-to-market adjustments for certain investment portfolios.

The AIG Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.32 per share on AIG common stock (NYSE: AIG). The dividend is payable on March 31, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 17, 2023.

The AIG Board of Directors also declared a quarterly cash dividend of $365.625 per share on AIG Series A 5.85% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, with a liquidation preference of $25,000 per share, which is represented by depositary shares (NYSE: AIG PRA), each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of preferred stock. Holders of depositary shares will receive $0.365625 per depositary share. The dividend is payable on March 15, 2023 to holders of record at the close of business on February 28, 2023.

FINANCIAL SUMMARY

GENERAL INSURANCE

General Insurance

• Net premiums written (NPW) in the fourth quarter of 2022 decreased 6% from the prior year quarter and increased 1% on a constant dollar basis to $5.6 billion, driven by solid North America Commercial Lines growth of 3% attributed to strong new business and retention and International Commercial Lines growth of 2% on a constant dollar basis. Commercial NPW benefited from strong growth in Lexington, Specialty and Casualty, offset in part by a decline in Financial Lines due to decreased capital markets activities. Personal Insurance NPW decreased 14% or 2% on a constant dollar basis, primarily due to a decrease in Warranty and underwriting actions taken in Private Client Group as the repositioning of this business continues, partially offset by growth in International Accident & Health and Travel.
• Fourth quarter 2022 APTI decreased by $297 million to $1.2 billion from the prior year quarter due to lower alternative investment income, partially offset by improvement in underwriting income. Underwriting income increased by $136 million to $635 million in the fourth quarter of 2022, which included $235 million of catastrophe losses (CATs), before reinstatement premiums, notably from Winter Storm Elliott, compared to $189 million of CATs in the prior year quarter. Fourth quarter 2022 also included favorable PYD, net of reinsurance, of $151 million compared to favorable PYD of $44 million in the prior year quarter.
• General Insurance delivered another quarter of strong underwriting results with a combined ratio of 89.9%, a 2.5-point improvement from 92.4% in the prior year quarter, driven by an improvement of 3.3 points in the loss ratio that included higher favorable PYD. The General Insurance AYCR was 88.4%, an improvement of 1.4 points from the prior year quarter with a 2.2-point improvement in the accident year loss ratio, as adjusted* to 57.0%, offset by a 0.8 point increase in the expense ratio to 31.4%. The improvement in accident year loss ratio, as adjusted, reflected continued earn-in of rate in excess of loss cost trends, execution on portfolio management strategy and improvement in Commercial Lines business mix.
• Commercial Lines underwriting results continued to show strong improvement as a result of continued focus on underwriting excellence and expense management. The combined ratio was 84.4% for North America Commercial Lines and 89.4% for International Commercial Lines. The AYCR for North America Commercial Lines improved 3.0 points to 85.9%, and for International Commercial Lines improved 5.1 points to 81.6% compared to the prior year quarter.
• Personal Insurance underwriting results deteriorated, reflecting underwriting actions taken to shift business mix in order to reduce exposure and lower premiums in the quarter. The North America Personal Insurance combined ratio was 102.5%, and AYCR of 105.3% deteriorated 10.4 points compared to the prior year quarter, driven by a higher acquisition ratio due to a change in business mix and lower ceding commission. The International Personal Insurance combined ratio was 98.9%, and AYCR of 98.9% deteriorated 4.8 points from the prior year quarter, primarily driven by higher frequency of losses related to restrictions pertaining to COVID-19 deemed hospitalization.

LIFE AND RETIREMENT

Life and Retirement

• Life and Retirement reported APTI of $781 million for the fourth quarter of 2022, down 19% from $969 million in the prior year quarter. The decline was primarily driven by lower NII as well as lower fee income and higher deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC) amortization in Individual and Group Retirement due to challenging capital market conditions, partially offset by improved mortality experience. Base portfolio yield improved by approximately 34 basis points sequentially or approximately 54 basis points year-over-year as a result of higher new money rates.
• Life and Retirement delivered a solid quarter with premiums of $2.1 billion and premiums and deposits* increased 2% from the prior year quarter to $8.8 billion, benefiting from favorable sales activity in Individual and Group Retirement segments driven by strong Fixed Annuity and Fixed Index Annuity sales, as well as higher Group Retirement plan acquisitions. Excluding transactional businesses such as pension risk transfer, guaranteed investment contracts and Group Retirement plan acquisitions, premiums and deposits* were up 14% year-over-year.
• COVID mortality in Life Insurance is in line with the previously disclosed estimates of exposure sensitivity of $65 million to $75 million per 100,000 population of U.S. deaths.
• Life and Retirement return on adjusted segment common equity* for the fourth quarter was 10.1% on an annualized basis.

OTHER OPERATIONS

Other Operations

• Other Operations adjusted pre-tax loss of $451 million improved by $197 million or 30% from the prior year quarter as a result of improved results in Corporate and Other as well as reduced elimination activities.
• Before consolidation and eliminations, the adjusted pre-tax loss increased by $278 million, reflecting lower investment income driven by lower alternative investment returns, an increase in corporate general operating expense for costs related to setting up Corebridge as a standalone public company, and higher vendor fees related to cloud migration.
• The movements in the Asset Management Group as well as consolidation and eliminations were due to lower investment gains compared to the prior year quarter. Results in the fourth quarter of 2021 included a large gain on sale from investment funds, which was allocated to the operating companies and eliminated in Other Operations.

LIFE AND RETIREMENT SEPARATION

On September 19, 2022, AIG closed the IPO of 80 million shares of Corebridge common stock at a public offering price of $21.00 per share, representing 12.4 percent of Corebridge’s common stock. Corebridge is the holding company for AIG’s Life and Retirement business. The aggregate gross proceeds of the offering to AIG, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other expenses payable by AIG, were approximately $1.7 billion.

In November 2021, AIG and Blackstone Inc. completed the acquisition by Blackstone of a 9.9 percent equity stake in Corebridge. Blackstone is required to hold its ownership interest in Corebridge following the completion of the separation of the Life and Retirement business, subject to exceptions permitting Blackstone to sell 25%, 67% and 75% of its shares after the first, second and third anniversaries, respectively, of Corebridge IPO (which will be September 19, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively), with the transfer restrictions terminating in full on the fifth anniversary of the IPO (September 19, 2027).

Following the IPO, AIG owns 77.7% of the outstanding common stock of Corebridge and continues to consolidate the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of Corebridge in AIG’s Consolidated Financial Statements. The portion of equity interest of Corebridge that AIG does not own is reflected as noncontrolling interest in AIG’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

On December 15, 2021, AIG and Blackstone Real Estate Income Trust (BREIT), a long-term, perpetual capital vehicle affiliated with Blackstone, completed the acquisition by BREIT of AIG’s interests in a U.S. Affordable Housing portfolio. The historical results of the U.S. Affordable Housing portfolio were reported in our Life and Retirement operating segments.

Since April 2022, AIG and Corebridge insurance company subsidiaries have entered into separate investment management agreements with BlackRock. Certain additional insurance company subsidiaries will also enter into such investment management agreements over the coming months. We have since transferred the management of approximately $162 billion of our investments in liquid fixed income and certain private placement assets, including $98 billion of the Corebridge investment portfolio, to BlackRock under such investment management agreements as of December 31, 2022. In addition, AIG and Corebridge are gaining access to BlackRock’s world-class investment management technology, Aladdin.

CONFERENCE CALL

AIG will host a conference call tomorrow, Thursday, February 16, 2023 at 8:30 a.m. ET to review these results. The call is open to the public and can be accessed via a live listen-only webcast in the Investors section of www.aig.com. A replay will be available after the call at the same location.

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Additional supplementary financial data is available in the Investors section at www.aig.com.

Certain statements in this press release and other publicly available documents may include, and members of AIG management may from time to time make and discuss, statements which, to the extent they are not statements of historical or present fact, may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward‑looking statements are intended to provide management’s current expectations or plans for AIG’s future operating and financial performance, based on assumptions currently believed to be valid and accurate. Forward-looking statements are often preceded by, followed by or include words such as “will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “expectations,” “intend,” “plan,” “strategy,” “prospects,” “project,” “anticipate,” “should,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “confident,” “focused on achieving,” “view,” “target,” “goal,” “estimate,” and other words of similar meaning in connection with a discussion of future operating or financial performance. These statements may include, among other things, projections, goals and assumptions that relate to future actions, prospective services or products, future performance or results of current and anticipated services or products, sales efforts, expense reduction efforts, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, anticipated organizational, business or regulatory changes, such as the separation of the Life and Retirement business from AIG, the effect of catastrophic events, both natural and man-made, and macroeconomic and/or geopolitical events, anticipated dispositions, monetization and/or acquisitions of businesses or assets, the successful integration of acquired businesses, management succession and retention plans, exposure to risk, trends in operations and financial results, and other statements that are not historical facts.

All forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause AIG’s actual results and financial condition to differ, possibly materially, from the results and financial condition expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause AIG’s actual results to differ, possibly materially, from those in specific projections, goals, assumptions and forward-looking statements include, without limitation:

• the effects of economic conditions in the markets in which AIG and its businesses operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including financial market conditions, macroeconomic trends, fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, inflationary pressures and an economic slowdown or recession, each of which may also be affected by geopolitical events or conflicts, including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine;
• the occurrence of catastrophic events, both natural and man-made, including geopolitical events and conflicts, civil unrest and the effects of climate change;
• availability of adequate reinsurance or access to reinsurance on acceptable terms;
• disruptions in the availability of AIG’s or a third party’s information technology infrastructure, including hardware and software, resulting from cyberattacks, data security breaches, or infrastructure vulnerabilities;
• AIG’s ability to realize expected strategic, financial, operational or other benefits from the separation of Corebridge as well as AIG’s equity market exposure to Corebridge;
• concentrations of AIG’s insurance, reinsurance and other risk exposures;
• concentrations in AIG’s investment portfolios;
• AIG’s reliance on third-party investment managers;
• changes in the valuation of AIG’s investments;
• AIG’s reliance on third parties to provide certain business and administrative services;
• nonperformance or defaults by counterparties, including Fortitude Reinsurance Company Ltd. (Fortitude Re);
• changes in judgments concerning potential cost-saving opportunities;
• AIG’s ability to effectively implement changes under AIG 200, including the ability to realize cost savings;
• AIG’s ability to adequately assess risk and estimate related losses as well as the effectiveness of AIG’s enterprise risk management policies and procedures, including with respect to business continuity and disaster recovery plans;
• difficulty in marketing and distributing products through current and future distribution channels;
• the effectiveness of strategies to retain and recruit key personnel and to implement effective succession plans;
• actions by rating agencies with respect to AIG’s credit and financial strength ratings as well as those of its businesses and subsidiaries;
• changes to sources of or access to liquidity;
• changes in judgments concerning the recognition of deferred tax assets and the impairment of goodwill;
• changes in judgments or assumptions concerning insurance underwriting and insurance liabilities;
• changes in accounting principles and financial reporting requirements;
• AIG’s ability to successfully dispose of, monetize and/or acquire businesses or assets or successfully integrate acquired businesses;
• the effects of sanctions, including those related to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the failure to comply with those sanctions;
• the effects of changes in laws and regulations, including those relating to the regulation of insurance, in the U.S. and other countries in which AIG and its businesses operate;
• changes to tax laws in the U.S. and other countries in which AIG and its businesses operate;
• the outcome of significant legal, regulatory or governmental proceedings;
• the impact of COVID-19 and its variants or other pandemics and responses thereto;
• AIG’s ability to effectively execute on environmental, social and governance targets and standards; and
• such other factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors and Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) in AIG Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)), Part I, Item 2. MD&A in AIG’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022, Part I, Item 2. MD&A of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022, Part I, Item 2. MD&A of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022, and Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors and Part II, Item 7. MD&A in AIG’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release, or in the case of any document incorporated by reference, the date of that document. AIG is not under any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. Additional information as to factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements is disclosed from time to time in our filings with the SEC.

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COMMENT ON REGULATION G AND NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Throughout this press release, including the financial highlights, AIG presents its financial condition and results of operations in the way it believes will be most meaningful and representative of its business results. Some of the measurements AIG uses are “Non-GAAP financial measures” under SEC rules and regulations. GAAP is the acronym for generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The non-GAAP financial measures AIG presents are listed below and may not be comparable to similarly-named measures reported by other companies. The reconciliations of such measures to the most comparable GAAP measures in accordance with Regulation G are included within the relevant tables attached to this news release or in the Fourth Quarter 2022 Financial Supplement available in the Investors section of AIG’s website, www.aig.com.

Unless otherwise mentioned or unless the context indicates otherwise, we use the terms “AIG,” “we,” “us” and “our” to refer to American International Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries.

AIG uses the following operating performance measures because AIG believes they enhance the understanding of the underlying profitability of continuing operations and trends of AIG’s business segments. AIG believes they also allow for more meaningful comparisons with AIG’s insurance competitors. When AIG uses these measures, reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measure are provided on a consolidated basis.

Book Value per Common Share, Excluding Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (AOCI) adjusted for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets and Deferred Tax Assets (DTA) (Adjusted Book Value per Common Share) is used to show the amount of our net worth on a per-common share basis after eliminating items that can fluctuate significantly from period to period including changes in fair value of AIG’s available for sale securities portfolio, foreign currency translation adjustments and U.S. tax attribute deferred tax assets. This measure also eliminates the asymmetrical impact resulting from changes in fair value of our available for sale securities portfolio wherein there is largely no offsetting impact for certain related insurance liabilities. In addition, we adjust for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets held by AIG in support of Fortitude Re’s reinsurance obligations to AIG post deconsolidation of Fortitude Re (Fortitude Re funds withheld assets) since these fair value movements are economically transferred to Fortitude Re. We exclude deferred tax assets representing U.S. tax attributes related to net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits as they have not yet been utilized. Amounts for interim periods are estimates based on projections of full-year attribute utilization. As net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits are utilized, the portion of the DTA utilized is included in these book value per common share metrics. Adjusted Book Value per Common Share is derived by dividing Total AIG common shareholders’ equity, excluding AOCI adjusted for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets, and DTA (Adjusted Common Shareholders’ Equity), by total common shares outstanding.

Book Value per Common Share, Excluding Goodwill, Value of Business Acquired (VOBA), Value of Distribution Channel Acquired (VODA), Other Intangible Assets, AOCI adjusted for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets, and Deferred Tax Assets (DTA) (Adjusted Tangible Book Value per Common Share) is used to provide more accurate measure of the realizable value of shareholder on a per-common share basis. Adjusted Tangible Book Value per Common Share is derived by dividing Total AIG common shareholders’ equity, excluding intangible assets, AOCI adjusted for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets, and DTA (Adjusted Tangible Common Shareholders’ Equity), by total common shares outstanding.

AIG Return on Common Equity (ROCE) – Adjusted After-tax Income Excluding AOCI adjusted for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets and DTA (Adjusted return on common equity) is used to show the rate of return on common shareholders’ equity. We believe this measure is useful to investors because it eliminates items that can fluctuate significantly from period to period, including changes in fair value of our available for sale securities portfolio, foreign currency translation adjustments and U.S. tax attribute deferred tax assets. This measure also eliminates the asymmetrical impact resulting from changes in fair value of our available for sale securities portfolio wherein there is largely no offsetting impact for certain related insurance liabilities. In addition, we adjust for the cumulative unrealized gains and losses related to Fortitude Re funds withheld assets since these fair value movements are economically transferred to Fortitude Re. We exclude deferred tax assets representing U.S. tax attributes related to net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits as they have not yet been utilized. Amounts for interim periods are estimates based on projections of full-year attribute utilization. As net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits are utilized, the portion of the DTA utilized is included in Adjusted Return on Common Equity. Adjusted Return on Common Equity is derived by dividing actual or annualized adjusted after-tax income attributable to AIG common shareholders by average Adjusted Common Shareholders’ Equity.

General Insurance and Life and Retirement Adjusted Segment Common Equity is based on segment equity adjusted for the attribution of debt and preferred stock (Segment Common Equity) and is consistent with AIG’s Adjusted Common Shareholders’ Equity definition.

General Insurance and Life and Retirement Return on Adjusted Segment Common Equity – Adjusted After-tax Income (Return on adjusted segment common equity) is used to show the rate of return on Adjusted Segment Common Equity. Return on Adjusted Segment Common Equity is derived by dividing actual or annualized Adjusted After-tax Income by Average Adjusted Segment Common Equity.

Adjusted After-tax Income Attributable to General Insurance and Life and Retirement is derived by subtracting attributed interest expense, income tax expense and attributed dividends on preferred stock from APTI. Attributed debt and the related interest expense and dividends on preferred stock are calculated based on our internal allocation model. Tax expense or benefit is calculated based on an internal attribution methodology that considers among other things the taxing jurisdiction in which the segments conduct business, as well as the deductibility of expenses in those jurisdictions.

Adjusted revenues exclude Net realized gains (losses), income from non-operating litigation settlements (included in Other income for GAAP purposes), changes in fair value of securities used to hedge guaranteed living benefits (included in Net investment income for GAAP purposes) and income from elimination of the international reporting lag. Adjusted revenues is a GAAP measure for our segments.

Adjusted Pre-tax Income (APTI) is derived by excluding the items set forth below from income from continuing operations before income tax. This definition is consistent across our segments. These items generally fall into one or more of the following broad categories: legacy matters having no relevance to our current businesses or operating performance; adjustments to enhance transparency to the underlying economics of transactions; and measures that we believe to be common to the industry. APTI is a GAAP measure for our segments. Excluded items include the following:

Adjusted After-tax Income attributable to AIG common shareholders (AATI) is derived by excluding the tax effected APTI adjustments described above, dividends on preferred stock, noncontrolling interest on net realized gains (losses), other non-operating expenses and the following tax items from net income attributable to AIG:

• deferred income tax valuation allowance releases and charges;
• changes in uncertain tax positions and other tax items related to legacy matters having no relevance to our current businesses or operating performance; and
• net tax charge related to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

See page 16 for the reconciliation of Net income attributable to AIG to Adjusted After-tax Income Attributable to AIG.

Ratios: We, along with most property and casualty insurance companies, use the loss ratio, the expense ratio and the combined ratio as measures of underwriting performance. These ratios are relative measurements that describe, for every $100 of net premiums earned, the amount of losses and loss adjustment expenses (which for General Insurance excludes net loss reserve discount), and the amount of other underwriting expenses that would be incurred. A combined ratio of less than 100 indicates underwriting income and a combined ratio of over 100 indicates an underwriting loss. Our ratios are calculated using the relevant segment information calculated under GAAP, and thus may not be comparable to similar ratios calculated for regulatory reporting purposes. The underwriting environment varies across countries and products, as does the degree of litigation activity, all of which affect such ratios. In addition, investment returns, local taxes, cost of capital, regulation, product type and competition can have an effect on pricing and consequently on profitability as reflected in underwriting income and associated ratios.

Accident year loss and Accident year combined ratios, as adjusted (Accident year loss ratio, ex-CAT and Accident year combined ratio, ex-CAT): both the accident year loss and accident year combined ratios, as adjusted, exclude catastrophe losses (CATs) and related reinstatement premiums, prior year development, net of premium adjustments, and the impact of reserve discounting. Natural catastrophe losses are generally weather or seismic events, in each case, having a net impact on AIG in excess of $10 million and man-made catastrophe losses, such as terrorism and civil disorders that exceed the $10 million threshold. We believe that as adjusted ratios are meaningful measures of our underwriting results on an ongoing basis as they exclude catastrophes and the impact of reserve discounting which are outside of management’s control. We also exclude prior year development to provide transparency related to current accident year results.

Underwriting ratios are computed as follows:

1. Loss ratio = Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred ÷ Net premiums earned (NPE)
2. Acquisition ratio = Total acquisition expenses ÷ NPE
3. General operating expense ratio = General operating expenses ÷ NPE
4. Expense ratio = Acquisition ratio + General operating expense ratio
5. Combined ratio = Loss ratio + Expense ratio
6. CATs and reinstatement premiums = [Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred – (CATs)] ÷ [NPE +/(-) Reinstatement premiums related to catastrophes] – Loss ratio
7. Accident year loss ratio, as adjusted (AYLR ex-CAT) = [Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred – CATs – PYD] ÷ [NPE +/(-) Reinstatement premiums related to catastrophes +/(-) Prior year premiums + Adjustment for ceded premium under reinsurance contracts related to prior accident years]
8. Accident year combined ratio, as adjusted (AYCR ex-CAT) = AYLR ex-CAT + Expense ratio
9. Prior year development net of reinsurance and prior year premiums = [Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred – CATs – PYD] ÷ [NPE +/(-) Reinstatement premiums related to catastrophes +/(-) Prior year premiums] – Loss ratio – CATs and reinstatement premiums ratio.

Premiums and deposits: includes direct and assumed amounts received and earned on traditional life insurance policies, group benefit policies and life‑contingent payout annuities, as well as deposits received on universal life, investment‑type annuity contracts, Federal Home Loan Bank funding agreements and mutual funds. We believe the measure of premiums and deposits is useful in understanding customer demand for our products, evolving product trends and our sales performance period over period.

Results from discontinued operations are excluded from all of these measures.

American International Group, Inc. (AIG) is a leading global insurance organization. AIG member companies provide a wide range of property casualty insurance, life insurance, retirement solutions, and other financial services to customers in approximately 70 countries and jurisdictions. These diverse offerings include products and services that help businesses and individuals protect their assets, manage risks and provide for retirement security. AIG common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

Additional information about AIG can be found at www.aig.com | YouTube: www.youtube.com/aig | Twitter: @AIGinsurance www.twitter.com/AIGinsurance | LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/aig. These references with additional information about AIG have been provided as a convenience, and the information contained on such websites is not incorporated by reference into this press release.

AIG is the marketing name for the worldwide property-casualty, life and retirement, and general insurance operations of American International Group, Inc.. For additional information, please visit our website at www.aig.com. All products and services are written or provided by subsidiaries or affiliates of American International Group, Inc.. Products or services may not be available in all countries and jurisdictions, and coverage is subject to underwriting requirements and actual policy language. Non-insurance products and services may be provided by independent third parties. Certain property-casualty coverages may be provided by a surplus lines insurer. Surplus lines insurers do not generally participate in state guaranty funds, and insureds are therefore not protected by such funds.

* ^{Represents deferred tax assets only related to U.S. net operating loss and foreign tax credit carryforwards on a U.S. GAAP basis and excludes other balance sheet deferred tax assets and liabilities.}