NEW YORK–(BUSINESS WIRE)–American International Group, Inc. (NYSE: AIG) today reported net income attributable to AIG common shareholders of $1.7 billion, or $1.98 per diluted common share, for the first quarter of 2020, compared to $654 million, or $0.75 per diluted common share, in the prior year quarter. The improvement was primarily due to $3.5 billion of pre-tax net realized capital gains largely related to mark-to-market gains from variable annuity and interest rate hedges and the impact of our non-economic non-performance risk adjustment, per GAAP, on the fair value of our liabilities compared to $446 million of pre-tax net realized capital losses in the prior year quarter.

Adjusted after-tax income attributable to AIG common shareholders was $99 million, or $0.11 per diluted common share, for the first quarter of 2020, compared to $1.4 billion, or $1.58 per diluted common share, in the prior year quarter. The decrease was primarily due to lower net investment income driven by declines in equity markets and losses on FVO bonds from widening spreads in credit markets, and the impact of COVID-19.

Brian Duperreault, AIG’s Chief Executive Officer, said: “In the face of COVID-19, an unprecedented global catastrophe, our colleagues have shown great resilience and remain focused on what we do best, which is helping our clients manage risk, especially in difficult times.

“It has been heartbreaking to watch this humanitarian crisis unfold over the last few months. At the same time, the courage, compassion and empathy that have emerged, particularly from first responders, health care providers and others on the front lines, has been heartwarming. AIG is committed to assisting with relief efforts across the globe and will be making an inaugural $5 million contribution to our recently reinstated AIG Foundation for this purpose.

“AIG was in a strong financial position before this crisis began and remains in a strong financial position today. While we believe COVID-19 will be the single largest CAT loss the industry has ever seen, the significant body of work our team has undertaken since late 2017 has served us well as we navigate through this evolving situation. AIG is well-positioned to emerge as a global insurer of choice with significant financial flexibility.

“In the first quarter of 2020, our core businesses delivered strong results building on the momentum we had coming into the year. In General Insurance, the adjusted accident year combined ratio continued to improve, and Life and Retirement delivered solid results despite unfavorable capital markets and continued low interest rates.

“The COVID-19 crisis has created significant uncertainty, and it will take time to understand its broader ramifications. In light of this, AIG is withdrawing previously issued guidance, including that relating to Adjusted Return on Common Equity. However, we do expect to see continued improvement in General Insurance, particularly in the adjusted combined ratio, and, in Life and Retirement, we do not believe that the impact of COVID-19 will result in a material reduction of our long-term return profile.

“While the new normal COVID-19 will create for each of us is still unknown, I am confident that AIG will continue to move forward on its journey to become a top performing company and leading insurance franchise.”

FINANCIAL SUMMARY

All comparisons are against the first quarter of 2019, unless otherwise indicated. Refer to the AIG First Quarter 2020 Financial Supplement, which is posted on AIG’s website in the Investors section, for further information.

FIRST QUARTER 2020 HIGHLIGHTS

General Insurance – First quarter adjusted pre-tax income of $501 million was comprised of an underwriting loss of $87 million and net investment income of $588 million. The underwriting loss included the impact of $272 million of estimated COVID-19 related losses, without which General Insurance would have reported an underwriting profit. Favorable net prior year loss reserve development, net of reinsurance, totaled $60 million, and was primarily due to $53 million of amortization from the Adverse Development Cover (ADC). CATs, net of reinsurance, totaled $419 million, including $272 million related to COVID-19. AIG is continually reassessing its exposures in light of unfolding developments in the U.S. and globally and evaluating coverage under its reinsurance arrangements.

The General Insurance combined ratio was 101.5, including 6.9 points of CATs, of which 4.5 points related to COVID-19 losses. The accident year combined ratio, as adjusted, was 95.5, comprised of a 60.8 accident year loss ratio, as adjusted*, an improvement of 1.0 point from the prior year quarter, and an expense ratio of 34.7. The improvement in accident year loss ratio, as adjusted, reflected the underwriting and reinsurance actions taken to improve business mix and loss performance, and improved rate adequacy. General Insurance also reduced general operating expenses (GOE) by 8% to $776 million.

Life and Retirement – First quarter adjusted pre-tax income was $574 million compared to $924 million in the prior year quarter. The decrease reflected unfavorable impacts from equity markets which primarily resulted in higher Variable Annuity reserves and accelerated deferred acquisition cost (DAC) and sales inducement (SI) amortization. In addition, widening credit spreads resulted in a decrease in net investment income from lower returns on FVO bonds and the Retirement businesses continued to see spread compression given the low interest rate environment. Net flows were unfavorable compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to lower Fixed Annuity sales and higher Retail Mutual Fund surrenders, partially offset by higher Variable Annuity sales and lower surrenders in Group Retirement. Life and Retirement’s Adjusted ROCE for the first quarter of 2020 was 8.4%.

Net Investment Income – First quarter net investment income was $2.5 billion compared to $3.9 billion in the prior year quarter. Net investment income on an adjusted pre-tax income basis decreased approximately $1.0 billion to $2.7 billion. The decrease reflected lower alternative investment income compared to the prior year quarter and other investment losses in the first quarter of 2020 compared to other investment income in the prior year quarter, primarily driven by FVO securities.

AIG significantly expanded its disclosures in the financial supplement to provide greater detail on its investment portfolio, including information on its separate General Insurance, Life and Retirement and Legacy portfolios. As a global multi-line insurer, AIG’s consolidated portfolio does not readily compare to property and casualty or life insurance peers. The detail should enable additional analysis of the separate portfolios to similar peers.

Other Operations – First quarter adjusted pre-tax loss was $535 million, including $84 million of reductions from consolidation, eliminations and other adjustments, compared to $457 million in the prior year quarter. Before consolidation, eliminations and other adjustments, the increase in the pre-tax loss was primarily due to higher GOE of $66 million from higher compensation, including the issuance of a $500 grant to each employee globally, which equates to $30 million in the aggregate, to help with unanticipated costs due to COVID-19. In addition, the loss included higher technology costs, partially offset by higher net investment income associated with consolidated investment entities. At the end of March, AIG decided to place Blackboard U.S. Holdings, Inc. (Blackboard), AIG’s technology-driven subsidiary, into run-off. As a result of this decision, AIG recognized a pre-tax loss of $210 million, primarily consisting of asset impairment charges; this charge did not impact adjusted pre-tax income.

Legacy Results – First quarter adjusted pre-tax loss was $368 million compared to adjusted pre-tax income of $112 million in the prior year quarter, reflecting losses, principally mark-to-market, on FVO investment portfolios compared to gains in the prior year quarter, as well as lower Legacy Life and Retirement net investment income from alternative investments.

Included in the Legacy results is Fortitude Reinsurance Company Ltd (Fortitude Re). AIG agreed in November 2019 to sell a controlling financial interest in Fortitude Group Holdings, LLC, the holding company for Fortitude Re. The sale is expected to close in mid-2020, subject to required regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions.

Book Value per Common Share – As of March 31, 2020, book value per common share was $69.30 compared to $74.93 at December 31, 2019, largely driven by net unrealized mark-to-market losses on available for sale fixed maturities due to the impact of wider credit spreads as of March 31, 2020. Adjusted book value per common share, which excludes AOCI and DTA, increased slightly to $60.55 compared to the prior year end as a result of $1.7 billion of net income attributable to AIG for the quarter.

Tangible book value per common share was $63.33 compared to $68.93 at December 31, 2019. Adjusted tangible book value per common share, which is Adjusted book value per common share excluding Goodwill, Value of Business Acquired (VOBA), Value of Distribution Channel Acquired (VODA) and Other Intangible Assets was $54.58 compared to $52.88 at December 31, 2019.

Liquidity and Capital – As of March 31, 2020, AIG Parent liquidity stood at approximately $7.5 billion. In March, AIG borrowed, and it currently has outstanding, $1.3 billion under its $4.5 billion committed revolving syndicated credit facility. Also, in March, AIG redeemed $350 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.35% Callable Notes Due 2045.

AIG repurchased approximately 12 million shares of AIG Common Stock during the first quarter for an aggregate purchase price of $500 million under an accelerated share repurchase agreement entered into in February. As of March 31, 2020, $1.5 billion remained under AIG’s share repurchase authorization.

Income Taxes – The first quarter effective tax rate on pre-tax income was 35.3% primarily as a result of a $274 million valuation allowance. The effective tax rate on adjusted pre-tax income was 48.8% and differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to excess tax charges related to share based compensation payments recorded through the income statement, tax charges associated with the effect of foreign operations, state and local income taxes, and non-deductible transfer pricing charges, partially offset by tax benefits associated with tax exempt income. The effect of foreign operations was primarily related to income in foreign operations taxed at statutory tax rates higher than 21%, other foreign taxes, and foreign income subject to U.S. taxation.

GENERAL INSURANCE

General Insurance – North America

General Insurance North America – Commentary

• Net premiums written increased by 7% to $2.8 billion primarily due to growth in the assumed reinsurance business, Retail and Wholesale Property, as well as strong Commercial Lines rate increases, partially offset by underwriting actions taken through 2019.
• Pre-tax underwriting loss of $86 million included $205 million of CATs, net of reinsurance, of which $123 million related to COVID-19. Favorable net prior year loss reserve development was $13 million, with favorable net prior year loss reserve development of $53 million for North America Commercial Lines partially offset by unfavorable net prior year loss reserve development of $40 million for North America Personal Insurance. North America Commercial Lines favorable net prior loss reserve development included $53 million of amortization from the ADC compared to $58 million in the prior year quarter.
• The North America combined ratio of 103.0 included 7.0 points of CATs and reinstatement premiums of which 4.2 points related to COVID-19 and 0.2 points related to favorable net prior year loss reserve development. The accident year combined ratio, as adjusted, was 96.2, comprised of a 65.4 accident year loss ratio, as adjusted, and a 30.8 expense ratio. The 1.7 points improvement in the accident year loss ratio, as adjusted, was driven by change in business mix and strong rate increases, as well as benefits from underwriting actions taken in 2019.
• The expense ratio improved slightly as the decline in GOE, driven by ongoing expense discipline, was greater than the decline in net premiums earned.

General Insurance – International

General Insurance International – Commentary

• Net premiums written decreased 9% on a reported basis and 8% on a constant dollar basis, driven by lower production primarily due to underwriting actions taken through 2019, as well as lower premiums from run-off business, partially offset by premium rate increases.
• A pre-tax underwriting loss of $1 million included $214 million of CATs, net of reinsurance, of which $149 million related to COVID-19. Favorable net prior year loss reserve development was $47 million, with $37 million of favorable net prior year loss reserve development in International Commercial Lines and $10 million in International Personal Insurance.
• The International combined ratio of 100.0 included 6.7 points of CATs and reinstatement premiums of which 4.7 points related to COVID-19 and 1.4 points related to favorable net prior year loss reserve development. The accident year combined ratio, as adjusted, of 94.7 was comprised of a 56.4 accident year loss ratio, as adjusted, and a 38.3 expense ratio. The 0.9 points improvement in the accident year loss ratio, as adjusted, reflected premium rate increases, benefits from underwriting actions and better risk selection.
• The expense ratio increased 1.1 points as the decline in expenses was less than the decline in net premiums earned.

LIFE AND RETIREMENT

Life and Retirement – Commentary

• Life and Retirement reported a decrease in adjusted pre-tax income to $574 million compared to $924 million in the prior year quarter, driven by lower equity market levels and wider credit spreads compared to the prior year quarter.
• Premiums were $1.2 billion in the first quarter of 2020, essentially flat compared to the prior year quarter. Premiums and deposits decreased to $6.9 billion compared to $8.4 billion in the prior year quarter primarily due to lower Fixed Annuities deposits in the first quarter of 2020 driven by lower interest rates, compared to strong deposit volumes in the prior year quarter. Net flows continued to be negative.
• Individual Retirement reported adjusted pre-tax income of $306 million compared to $508 million in the prior year quarter. Adjusted pre-tax income decreased as a result of unfavorable impacts from equity markets driving higher Variable Annuity DAC/SI amortization and higher reserves, along with widening credit spreads driving lower income on FVO securities compared to the prior year quarter. Total net flows excluding Retail Mutual Funds were slightly negative in the quarter and unfavorable compared to the prior year period, driven by lower Fixed Annuity sales resulting from the lower interest rate environment, partially offset by favorable Variable Annuity sales.
• Group Retirement reported adjusted pre-tax income of $143 million compared to $232 million in the prior year quarter. The decrease in adjusted pre-tax income was driven by the unfavorable impacts from equity markets resulting in higher DAC amortization and higher reserves, and widening credit spreads resulting in lower income on FVO securities. Net flows remained negative, although favorable compared to the prior year quarter, primarily due to lower surrenders partially offset by lower deposits.
• Life Insurance reported adjusted pre-tax income of $55 million compared to adjusted pre-tax income of $116 million in the prior year quarter due to higher mortality and insurance reserves, and prior year favorable reserve and reinsurance refinements. Mortality was better than pricing assumptions; however, the first quarter of 2020 included an incurred but not reported (IBNR) reserve strengthening related to potential death notice delays due to COVID-19.
• Institutional Markets adjusted pre-tax income of $70 million increased from $68 million in the prior year quarter due to higher net investment income on a growing asset base and slightly favorable alternative investment returns compared to the prior year quarter.

CONFERENCE CALL

AIG will host a conference call tomorrow, Tuesday, May 5, 2020 at 8:00 a.m. ET to review these results. The call is open to the public and can be accessed via a live listen-only webcast in the Investors section of www.aig.com. A replay will be available after the call at the same location.

Additional supplementary financial data is available in the Investors section at www.aig.com.

The conference call (including the financial results presentation material), the earnings release and the financial supplement may include, and officers and representatives of AIG may from time to time make and discuss, projections, goals, assumptions and statements that may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These projections, goals, assumptions and statements are not historical facts but instead represent only a belief regarding future events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and outside AIG’s control. These projections, goals, assumptions and statements include statements preceded by, followed by or including words such as “will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “focused on achieving,” “view,” “target,” “goal” or “estimate.” These projections, goals, assumptions and statements may relate to future actions, prospective services or products, future performance or results of current and anticipated services or products, sales efforts, expenses, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, anticipated organizational, business or regulatory changes, the effect of catastrophes and macroeconomic events, such as COVID-19, anticipated dispositions, monetization and/or acquisitions of businesses or assets, or successful integration of acquired businesses, management succession and retention plans, exposure to risk, trends in operations and financial results.

It is possible that AIG’s actual results and financial condition will differ, possibly materially, from the results and financial condition indicated in these projections, goals, assumptions and statements. Factors that could cause AIG’s actual results to differ, possibly materially, from those in the specific projections, goals, assumptions and statements include:

• the adverse impact of COVID-19, including with respect to AIG’s business, financial condition and results of operations;
• changes in market and industry conditions, including the significant global economic slowdown, general market declines and disruptions to AIG’s operations driven by COVID-19 and responses thereto, including new or changed governmental policy and regulatory actions;
• the occurrence of catastrophic events, both natural and man-made, including COVID-19, pandemics and the effects of climate change;
• AIG’s ability to effectively execute on AIG 200 operational programs designed to achieve underwriting excellence, modernization of AIG’s operating infrastructure, enhanced user and customer experiences and unification of AIG;
• AIG’s ability to consummate the sale of its controlling interest in Fortitude Holdings and its ability to successfully manage Legacy Portfolios;
• changes in judgments concerning potential cost saving opportunities;
• actions by credit rating agencies;
• changes in judgments concerning insurance underwriting and insurance liabilities;
• the impact of potential information technology, cybersecurity or data security breaches, including as a result of cyber-attacks or security vulnerabilities, the likelihood of which may increase due to extended remote business operations as a result of COVID-19;
• disruptions in the availability of AIG’s electronic data systems or those of third parties;
• the effectiveness of strategies to recruit and retain key personnel and to implement effective succession plans;
• the requirements, which may change from time to time, of the global regulatory framework to which AIG is subject;
• significant legal, regulatory or governmental proceedings;
• concentrations in AIG’s investment portfolios;
• changes to the valuation of AIG’s investments;
• AIG’s ability to successfully dispose of, monetize and/or acquire businesses or assets or successfully integrate acquired businesses;
• changes in judgments concerning the recognition of deferred tax assets and the impairment of goodwill;
• the effectiveness of our risk management policies and procedures, including with respect to our business continuity and disaster recovery plans; and
• such other factors discussed in Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) and Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors in AIG’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020 (which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission), and Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors and Part II, Item 7. MD&A in AIG’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

COVID-19 is adversely affecting, and is expected to continue to adversely affect, our business, financial condition and results of operations, its ultimate impact of which will depend on future developments that are uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the crisis and actions taken by governmental and regulatory authorities in response thereto. Even after the crisis subsides, it is possible that the U.S. and other major economies will experience a prolonged recession, in which event our businesses, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. Statements about the effects of COVID-19 on our business, financial condition and results of operations may constitute forward-looking statements and are subject to the risk that the actual impacts may differ, possibly materially, from what is reflected in those forward-looking statements due to factors and future developments that are uncertain, unpredictable and in many cases beyond our control, including the scope and duration of the COVID-19 and actions taken by governmental and regulatory authorities in response to mitigate its impact.

AIG is not under any obligation (and expressly disclaims any obligation) to update or alter any projections, goals, assumptions or other statements, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

COMMENT ON REGULATION G AND NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Throughout this press release, including the financial highlights, AIG presents its financial condition and results of operations in the way it believes will be most meaningful and representative of its business results. Some of the measurements AIG uses are “non-GAAP financial measures” under Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations. GAAP is the acronym for “generally accepted accounting principles” in the United States. The non-GAAP financial measures AIG presents are listed below and may not be comparable to similarly-named measures reported by other companies. The reconciliations of such measures to the most comparable GAAP measures in accordance with Regulation G are included within the relevant tables attached to this news release or in the First Quarter 2020 Financial Supplement available in the Investors section of AIG’s website, www.aig.com.

Book Value per Common Share, Excluding Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI), and Book Value per Common Share, Excluding AOCI and Deferred Tax Assets (DTA) (Adjusted Book Value per Common Share) are used to show the amount of AIG’s net worth on a per-common share basis. AIG believes these measures are useful to investors because they eliminate items that can fluctuate significantly from period to period, including changes in fair value of AIG’s available for sale securities portfolio, foreign currency translation adjustments and U.S. tax attribute deferred tax assets. These measures also eliminate the asymmetrical impact resulting from changes in fair value of AIG’s available for sale securities portfolio wherein there is largely no offsetting impact for certain related insurance liabilities. AIG excludes deferred tax assets representing U.S. tax attributes related to net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits as they have not yet been utilized. Amounts for interim periods are estimates based on projections of full-year attribute utilization. As net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits are utilized, the portion of the DTA utilized is included in these book value per common share metrics. Book value per common share, excluding AOCI, is derived by dividing Total AIG common shareholders’ equity, excluding AOCI, by total common shares outstanding. Adjusted Book Value per Common Share is derived by dividing Total AIG common shareholders’ equity, excluding AOCI and DTA (Adjusted Common Shareholders’ Equity), by total common shares outstanding.

Book Value per Common Share, Excluding Goodwill, Value of Business Acquired (VOBA), Value of Distribution Channel Acquired (VODA) and Other Intangible Assets (Tangible Book Value per Common Share) and Tangible Book Value per Common Share, Excluding AOCI and Deferred Tax Assets (DTA) (Adjusted Tangible Book Value per Common Share) are used to provide more accurate measure of the realizable value of shareholder on a per-common share basis. Tangible Book Value per Common Share is derived by dividing Total AIG common shareholders’ equity, excluding Goodwill, VOBA, VODA and Other intangible assets, by total common shares outstanding (Tangible Book Value per Common Share). Adjusted Tangible Book Value per Common Share is derived by dividing Total AIG common shareholders’ equity, excluding intangible assets, AOCI and DTA (Adjusted Tangible Common Shareholders’ Equity), by total common shares outstanding.

AIG Return on Common Equity – Adjusted After-tax Income Excluding AOCI and DTA (Adjusted Return on Common Equity) is used to show the rate of return on common shareholders’ equity. AIG believes this measure is useful to investors because it eliminates items that can fluctuate significantly from period to period, including changes in fair value of AIG’s available for sale securities portfolio, foreign currency translation adjustments and U.S. tax attribute deferred tax assets. This measure also eliminates the asymmetrical impact resulting from changes in fair value of AIG’s available for sale securities portfolio wherein there is largely no offsetting impact for certain related insurance liabilities. AIG excludes deferred tax assets representing U.S. tax attributes related to net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits as they have not yet been utilized. Amounts for interim periods are estimates based on projections of full-year attribute utilization. As net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credits are utilized, the portion of the DTA utilized is included in Adjusted Return on Common Equity. Adjusted Return on Common Equity is derived by dividing actual or annualized adjusted after-tax income attributable to AIG common shareholders by average Adjusted Common Shareholders’ Equity.

AIG Return on Common Equity, Excluding Goodwill, Value of Business Acquired (VOBA), Value of Distribution Channel Acquired (VODA) and Other Intangible assets (Return on Tangible Common Equity) and Return on Tangible Common Equity – Adjusted After-tax Income, Excluding Goodwill, Value of Business Acquired (VOBA), Value of Distribution Channel Acquired (VODA) and Other Intangible assets, AOCI and DTA (Adjusted Return on Tangible Common Equity) is used to provide the rate of return on tangible common shareholder’s equity, which is a more accurate measure of realizable shareholder value. AIG excludes Goodwill, VOBA, VODA and Other intangible assets from AIG common shareholders’ equity to drive tangible common shareholders’ equity (AIG Tangible Common Shareholders’ Equity). Return on Tangible Common Equity is derived by dividing actual or annualized after-tax income attributable to AIG common shareholders by average Tangible Common Shareholders’ Equity. AIG further excludes AOCI and DTA in Adjusted Tangible Common Equity. Adjusted Return on Tangible Common Equity is derived by dividing actual or annualized adjusted after-tax income attributable to AIG common shareholders by average Adjusted Tangible Common Shareholders’ Equity.

Core and Life and Retirement Adjusted Attributed Common Equity is an attribution of total AIG Adjusted Common Shareholders’ Equity to these segments based on AIG’s internal capital model, which incorporates the segments’ respective risk profiles. Adjusted attributed common equity represents AIG’s best estimates based on current facts and circumstances and will change over time.

Core and Life and Retirement Return on Common Equity – Adjusted After-tax Income (Adjusted Return on Attributed Common Equity) is used to show the rate of return on Adjusted Attributed Common Equity. Adjusted Return on Attributed Common Equity is derived by dividing actual or annualized Adjusted After-tax Income by Average Adjusted Attributed Common Equity.

Adjusted After-tax Income Attributable to Core and Life and Retirement is derived by subtracting attributed interest expense, income tax expense and attributed dividends on preferred stock from adjusted pre-tax income. Attributed debt and the related interest expense and dividends on preferred stock are calculated based on AIG’s internal capital model. Tax expense or benefit is calculated based on an internal attribution methodology that considers among other things the taxing jurisdiction in which the segments conduct business, as well as the deductibility of expenses in those jurisdictions.

Adjusted Revenues exclude Net realized capital gains (losses), income from non-operating litigation settlements (included in Other income for GAAP purposes) and changes in fair value of securities used to hedge guaranteed living benefits (included in Net investment income for GAAP purposes). Adjusted revenues is a GAAP measure for AIG’s operating segments.

AIG uses the following operating performance measures because AIG believes they enhance the understanding of the underlying profitability of continuing operations and trends of AIG’s business segments. AIG believes they also allow for more meaningful comparisons with AIG’s insurance competitors. When AIG uses these measures, reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measure are provided on a consolidated basis.

Adjusted Pre-tax Income (APTI) is derived by excluding the items set forth below from income from continuing operations before income tax. This definition is consistent across AIG’s segments. These items generally fall into one or more of the following broad categories: legacy matters having no relevance to AIG’s current businesses or operating performance; adjustments to enhance transparency to the underlying economics of transactions; and measures that AIG believes to be common to the industry. APTI is a GAAP measure for AIG’s segments. Excluded items include the following:

Adjusted After-tax Income attributable to AIG common shareholders (AATI) is derived by excluding the tax effected APTI adjustments described above, dividends on preferred stock, and the following tax items from net income attributable to AIG:

• deferred income tax valuation allowance releases and charges;
• changes in uncertain tax positions and other tax items related to legacy matters having no relevance to AIG’s current businesses or operating performance; and
• net tax charge related to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Act);
  and by excluding the net realized capital gains (losses) from noncontrolling interests.

See page 21 for the reconciliation of Net income attributable to AIG to Adjusted After-tax Income Attributable to AIG.

Ratios: AIG, along with most property and casualty insurance companies, uses the loss ratio, the expense ratio and the combined ratio as measures of underwriting performance. These ratios are relative measurements that describe, for every $100 of net premiums earned, the amount of losses and loss adjustment expenses (which for General Insurance excludes net loss reserve discount), and the amount of other underwriting expenses that would be incurred. A combined ratio of less than 100 indicates underwriting income and a combined ratio of over 100 indicates an underwriting loss. AIG’s ratios are calculated using the relevant segment information calculated under GAAP, and thus may not be comparable to similar ratios calculated for regulatory reporting purposes. The underwriting environment varies across countries and products, as does the degree of litigation activity, all of which affect such ratios. In addition, investment returns, local taxes, cost of capital, regulation, product type and competition can have an effect on pricing and consequently on profitability as reflected in underwriting income and associated ratios.

Accident year loss and combined ratios, as adjusted: both the accident year loss and combined ratios, as adjusted, exclude catastrophe losses and related reinstatement premiums, prior year development, net of premium adjustments, and the impact of reserve discounting. Natural catastrophe losses are generally weather or seismic events having a net impact on AIG in excess of $10 million each and man-made catastrophe losses, such as terrorism and civil disorders that exceed the $10 million threshold. AIG believes that as adjusted ratios are meaningful measures of AIG’s underwriting results on an ongoing basis as they exclude catastrophes and the impact of reserve discounting which are outside of management’s control. AIG also excludes prior year development to provide transparency related to current accident year results.

Premiums and deposits: includes direct and assumed amounts received and earned on traditional life insurance policies, group benefit policies and life‑contingent payout annuities, as well as deposits received on universal life, investment‑type annuity contracts, Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) funding agreements and mutual funds.

Results from discontinued operations are excluded from all of these measures.

American International Group, Inc. (AIG) is a leading global insurance organization. AIG member companies provide a wide range of property casualty insurance, life insurance, retirement solutions, and other financial services to customers in more than 80 countries and jurisdictions. These diverse offerings include products and services that help businesses and individuals protect their assets, manage risks and provide for retirement security. AIG common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

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AIG is the marketing name for the worldwide property-casualty, life and retirement, and general insurance operations of American International Group, Inc. For additional information, please visit our website at www.aig.com. All products and services are written or provided by subsidiaries or affiliates of American International Group, Inc. Products or services may not be available in all countries and jurisdictions, and coverage is subject to underwriting requirements and actual policy language. Non-insurance products and services may be provided by independent third parties. Certain property-casualty coverages may be provided by a surplus lines insurer. Surplus lines insurers do not generally participate in state guaranty funds, and insureds are therefore not protected by such funds.